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Web mining - is the application of data mining techniques to discover patterns from the Web. According to analysis targets, web mining can be divided into three different types, which are Web usage mining, Web content mining and Web structure mining.

Web usage mining is the application that uses data mining to analyse and discover interesting patterns of user’s usage data on the web. The usage data records the user’s behaviour when the user browses or makes transactions on the web site.It is an activity that involves the automatic discovery of patterns from one or more Web servers. Organizations often generate and collect large volumes of data; most of this information is usually generated automatically by Web servers and collected in server log. Analyzing such data can help these organizations to determine the value of particular customers, cross marketing strategies across products and the effectiveness of promotional campaigns, etc.

The first web analysis tools simply provided mechanisms to report user activity as recorded in the servers. Using such tools, it was possible to determine such information as the number of accesses to the server, the times or time intervals of visits as well as the domain names and the URLs of users of the Web server. However, in general, these tools provide little or no analysis of data relationships among the accessed files and directories within the Web space. Now more sophisticated techniques for discovery and analysis of patterns are emerging. These tools fall into two main categories: Pattern Discovery Tools and Pattern Analysis Tools.

Web content mining is the process to discover useful information from the content of a web page. The type of the web content may consist of text, image, audio or video data in the web. Web content mining sometimes is called web text mining, because the text content is the most widely researched area. The technologies that are normally used in web content mining are NLP (Natural language processing) and IR (Information retrieval).

Web structure mining is the process of using graph theory to analyse the node and connection structure of a web site. According to the type of web structural data, web structure mining can be divided into two kinds.

The first kind of web structure mining is extracting patterns from hyperlinks in the web. A hyperlink is a structural component that connects the web page to a different location. The other kind of the web structure mining is mining the document structure. It is using the tree-like structure to analyse and describe the HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) or XML (eXtensible Markup Language) tags within the web page.

• Jesus Mena, "Data Mining Your Website", Digital Press, 1999
• Soumen Chakrabarti, "Mining the Web: Analysis of Hypertext and Semi Structured Data", Morgan Kaufmann, 2002
• Advances in Web Mining and Web Usage Analysis 2005 - revised papers from 7 th workshop on Knowledge Discovery on the Web, Olfa Nasraoui, Osmar Zaiane, Myra Spiliopoulou, Bamshad Mobasher, Philip Yu, Brij Masand, Eds., Springer Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, LNAI 4198, 2006
• Web Mining and Web Usage Analysis 2004 - revised papers from 6 th workshop on Knowledge Discovery on the Web, Bamshad Mobasher, Olfa Nasraoui, Bing Liu, Brij Masand, Eds., Springer Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 2006
• Mike Thelwall, "Link Analysis: An Information Science Approach", 2004, Academic Press

• Cooley, R. Mobasher, B. and Srivastave, J. (1997) “Web Mining: Information and Pattern Discovery on the World Wide Web” In Proceedings of the 9th IEEE International Conference on Tool with Artificial Intelligence
• Cooley, R., Mobasher, B. and Srivastava, J. “Data Preparation for Mining World Wide Web Browsing Patterns”, Journal of Knowledge and Information System, Vol.1, Issue. 1, pp.5-32, 1999
• Kohavi, R., Mason, L. and Zheng, Z. (2004) “Lessons and Challenges from Mining Retail E-commerce Data” Machine Learning, Vol 57, pp. 83-113
• Lillian Clark, I-Hsien Ting, Chris Kimble, Peter Wright, Daniel Kudenko (2006)"Combining ethnographic and clickstream data to identify user Web browsing strategies" Journal of Information Research, Vol. 11 No. 2, January 2006
• Eirinaki, M., Vazirgiannis, M. (2003) "Web Mining for Web Personalization", ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, Vol.3, No.1, February 2003
• Mobasher, B., Cooley, R. and Srivastava, J. (2000) “Automatic Personalization based on web usage Mining” Communications of the ACM, Vol. 43, No.8, pp. 142-151
• Mobasher, B., Dai, H., Kuo, T. and Nakagawa, M. (2001) “Effective Personalization Based on Association Rule Discover from Web Usage Data” In Proceedings of WIDM 2001, Atlanta, GA, USA, pp. 9-15
• Nasraoui O., Petenes C., "Combining Web Usage Mining and Fuzzy Inference for Website Personalization", in Proc. of WebKDD 2003 – KDD Workshop on Web mining as a Premise to Effective and Intelligent Web Applications, Washington DC, August 2003, p. 37
• Nasraoui O., Frigui H., Joshi A., and Krishnapuram R., “Mining Web Access Logs Using Relational Competitive Fuzzy Clustering,” Proceedings of the Eighth International Fuzzy Systems Association Congress, Hsinchu, Taiwan, August 1999
• Nasraoui O., “World Wide Web Personalization,” Invited chapter in “Encyclopedia of Data Mining and Data Warehousing”, J. Wang, Ed, Idea Group, 2005
• Pierrakos, D., Paliouras, G., Papatheodorou, C., Spyropoulos C. D. (2003) “Web usage mining as a tool for personalization: a survey”, User modelling and user adapted interaction journal, Vol.13, Issue 4, pp. 311-372
• I-Hsien Ting, Chris Kimble, Daniel Kudenko (2005)"A Pattern Restore Method for Restoring Missing Patterns in Server Side Clickstream Data"
• I-Hsien Ting, Chris Kimble, Daniel Kudenko (2006)"UBB Mining: Finding Unexpected Browsing Behaviour in Clickstream Data to improve a Web Site’s Design"

• WMEE 2008: The Second Workshop on Web Mining for E-commerce and E-Services 2008
• WMEE 2007: Workshop on Web Mining for E-commerce and E-Services 2007
• WebKDD 2006: SIGKDD Workshop on Web Mining and Web Usage Analysis
• WebMine 2006:Workshop on Web Mining 2006
• WebConMine 2006: Workshop on Web Content Mining 2006

• Web Mining by Patricio Galeas
• Tutorial on Web Mining by Olfa Nasraoui, University of Louisville
• Tutorial on Web Personalization by Olfa Nasraoui, University of Louisville
• Introduction Web Mining by Julio Alberto Herrero, University of Carlos III de Madrid
• TheWebWatcher monitoring service