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Veragua or Veraguas was the name of five territorial entities in Central America, beginning in the sixteenth century during the Spanish colonial period. It was based on an Indigenous name for the region.

• The Gobernación de Veragua (Columbian Veragua) (1502-1537) included the Caribbean coast of present-day Nicaragua and Costa Rica and the coast of Panama as far as the Río Belén, namely, the coastline explored by Christopher Columbus on his fourth voyage, in 1502. It was this area that Columbus (and his heirs) claimed as his private domain, but which the Crown did not recognize. Spanish governors of this territory were Diego de Nicuesa and Felipe Gutiérrez y Toledo.

• The Duchy of Veragua, created in 1537 from the Gobernación de Veragua in territory now belonging to Panama. The first duke was Luis Colón y Toledo, grandson and heir of Columbus, who received the title after a long lawsuit with the Crown of Castile. In 1556 he returned the territory to the Crown but retained the ducal title.

• Royal Veragua (Veragua Real) (1537-1540) included those territories of the Gobernación de Veragua not included in the Duchy of Veragua. These territories were in two parts, with the duchy separating them. In 1540 the western part, together with territories from Castilla de Oro, became the Province of Nuevo Cartago y Costa Rica within the Spanish Kingdom of Guatemala. In 1565 the name was shortened to Province of Costa Rica.

• The Province of Veragua, formed in 1560 from territories formerly in the Duchy of Veragua. Its first governor was Francisco Vázquez. This territory, slightly expanded to the west and the south, became a dependency of the Intendencia of Panama, and in 1821, of the Republic of Colombia.

• Veraguas Province is today one of the provinces of the Republic of Panama. It is the continuation of the Colombian Province of Veragua.

• This article is a free translation of the article es:Veragua at the Spanish Wikipedia, accessed February 2, 2007.

• (Spanish) "Sinopsis histórica de la Provincia de Veraguas"
• (Spanish) Provincia de Veraguas