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Tassili n'Ajjer*
UNESCO World Heritage Site
State Party	Algeria
Type	Mixed
Criteria	i, iii, vii, viii
Reference	179
Region†	Arab States
Inscription History
Inscription	1982  (6th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List. † Region as classified by UNESCO.

Tassili n'Ajjer National Park
IUCN Category II (National Park)
Location	Tamanrasset Province, Algeria
Coordinates	25°10′″N 8°10′″E / Expression error: Unexpected / operator, Expression error: Unexpected / operator
Area	72,000 km²
Established	1972

The Tassili n'Ajjer (It is a name from the Berber language and its English name is: "Tassili Plateau") is a mountain range in the Sahara desert in southeast Algeria, North Africa. It extends about 500 km from 26°20′N, 5°00′E east-south-east to 24°00′N, 10°00′E, and the highest point is Adrar Afao, 2158 m, at 25°10′N, 8°11′E. The nearest town is Djanet, about 10 km southwest of the range.

Much of the range, including the cypresses and archaeological sites (see below), is protected in a National park, Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site, named the Tassili n'Ajjer National Park.

The range is composed largely of sandstone. Erosion in the area has resulted in nearly 300 natural rock arches being formed, along with many other spectacular landforms.

Because of the altitude and the water-holding properties of the sandstone, the vegetation is somewhat richer than the surrounding desert; it includes a very scattered woodland of the endangered endemic species Saharan Cypress and Saharan Myrtle in the higher eastern half of the range.

The ecology of the Tassili n'Ajjer is more fully described in the article West Saharan montane xeric woodlands, the ecoregion to which this area belongs. The literal English translation of "Tassili n'Ajjer" is 'Plateau of the rivers'; indicating a time when the climate was repeatedly far more wet than today (See Sahara pump theory).

The range is also noted for its prehistoric rock paintings and other ancient archaeological sites, dating from neolithic times when the local climate was much moister, with savannah rather than desert. The art depicts herds of cattle, large wild animals including crocodiles, and human activities such as hunting and dancing. The art has strong stylistic links to the pre-Nguni Art of South Africa and the region, executed in caves by the San Peoples before the year 1200 CE.

• Bahn P -G (1998) The Cambridge illustrated history of prehistoric art. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
• Bradley R (2000) An archaeology of natural places. London, Routledge.
• Bruce-Lockhart J and Wright J (2000) Difficult and dangerous roads: Hugh Clapperton's travels in the Sahara and Fezzan 1822-1825.
• Chippendale C and Tacon S -C (eds) (1998) The archaeology of rock art. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
• Coulson D and Cambell A (2001) African rock art. Paintings and engravings on stone. New York, Harry N Abrams.
• Van Albada A.&A.-M. (2000): La Montagne des Hommes-Chiens. Art rupestre du Messak lybien. Paris, Seuil.
• Clottes J. (2002): World Rock Art. Los Angeles, The Getty Publications.
• Lhote, H (1959) The search for the Tassili frescoes: the rock paintings of the Sahara. London.
• Le Quellec J -L (1998) Art rupestre et prehistoire du Sahara. Le Messak libyen. Paris, Editions Payot et Rivages, Biblioteque Scientifique Payot.
• Mattingly D (ed) (forthcoming) The archaeology of the Fezzan.
• Muzzolini A (1997) Saharan rock art. In Vogel J O (ed) Encyclopedia of Precolonial Africa. Walnut Creek: 347-353.
• Whitley D S (ed) (2001) Handbook of rock art research. New York, Altamira Press.
• Saharan Rock Art, Archaeology of Tassilian Pastoralist Icongraphy, by Augustin F.C. Holl (2004)

• Tassili n'Ajjer: Art rupestre du Sahara préhistorique, by Jean-Dominique Lajoux (1977)

• The Search for the Tassili Frescoes: The story of the prehistoric rock-paintings of the Sahara, by Henri Lhote (1959, 1973)

• World Conservation Monitoring Centre
• The natural arches of the Tassili n'Ajjer
• Tassili n'Ajjer - fjexpeditions.com

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Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad · Djémila · Kasbah of Algiers · M'Zab Valley · Tassili n'Ajjer · Timgad · Tipasa