Supreme Court of Poland

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The Supreme Court (Polish: Sąd Najwyższy) of Poland supervises the adjudication in:

  • General courts - these are district, regional, and appeal courts. They adjudicate in the areas of civil, criminal, family and labour law.
  • Military courts - that is circuit and garrison courts. They deal with matters relating to crimes committed by soldiers in active service, civilian employees in military units, and prisoners of war.

The Supreme Court is the court of last resort of appeal against judgements in the lower courts. It also passes resolutions to clarify specific legal provisions and resolve disputable questions in specific cases. These however are not (at least technically) legally binding. It is located in Warsaw.

The President of the Republic of Poland appoints Supreme Court judges for an indefinite period. This is done upon a motion of the National Judicial Council. The President also selects the First President of the Supreme Court from candidates presented by the General Assembly of the Supreme Court of Justice. The First President of this Court holds office for a six-year term, though he or she may be dismissed by Sejm upon a motion by the President of the Republic of Poland.

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