USSR State Defense Committee

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State Defense Committee (Russian: Государственный комитет обороны, ГКО, Gosudarstvennoi komitet oborony, GKO) was the extraordinary superior organ in the USSR during the Great Patriotic War which held the total power in the state. GKO is not to be confused with "NKO", which stood for "Narodny Komissariat Oborony" and was People's Commissariat (Ministry) of Defence.

GKO existed between June 30, 1941 and September 4, 1945 and was headed by Joseph Stalin. Initially it consisted of Lavrenty Beria, Klim Voroshilov (until 1944), Georgy Malenkov, Vyacheslav Molotov (deputy chairman). Since 1942 it was joined by Nikolai Voznesensky, Lazar Kaganovich, and Anastas Mikoyan, and in 1944 Nikolai Bulganin was added.

  • Barber, John, and Harrison, Mark. (1991). The Soviet Home Front 1941–1945: A Social and Economic History of the USSR in World War II. London: Longman. ISBN 0582009642, ISBN 0582009650.
  • Werth, Alexander. (1964). Russia at War 1941–1945. New York: Carrol and Graf.
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