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St. Lawrence Islands National Park
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| St. Lawrence Islands National Park | |
|---|---|
| IUCN Category II (National Park) | |
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| Location: | Canada |
| Nearest city: | Brockville, Ontario |
| Coordinates: | |
| Area: | 9 km² |
| Established: | 1914 |
| Governing body: | Parks Canada |
St. Lawrence Islands National Park (established 1914) is located in the Thousand Islands Region of the Saint Lawrence River. The islands are actually the worn-down tops of ancient mountains. This region, the Frontenac Axis, connects the Canadian Shield to the Adirondack Mountains in New York.
The park consists of 21 islands plus many smaller islets and a visitor centre at Mallorytown, Ontario on the mainland. This is Canada's smallest national park with a total area of 9 km².
Much of the park is only accessible by boat. There are picnic facilities and limited camping facilities on several islands.
The first inhabitants of the park were Aboriginals who began fishing and hunting in the area around the end of the last glacial period approximately 10,000 years ago. Many artifacts have been found in the park, including a 2500 year old pot that was found by a diver in 1979. Pictographs are still visible on some shoreline cliffs despite damage due to acid rain and vandals.
By the early 17th century, the Iroquois people had up large summer encampments on the riverbanks from which they fished the rich waters. Around this time they began to be visited by French explorers, fur traders, and missionaries following the St Lawrence river to seek their fortune in the new world. Following the American Revolution at the end of the 18th century, European settlers began moving into the area and the traditional fishing encampments were displaced. A few Iroquois still returned to fish, but by the 1860s fish stocks were greatly depleted.
During the war of 1812, the St Lawrence Islands National Park area was visited by both British and American warships. The preserved hull of a British Gunboat was sunk nearby and, raised in 1967, it now resides at the park. Martello towers were built in the area to defend the British from American invasion. Inside the park, Cedar Island, a small island visible from downtown Kingston, Ontario, is the site of Cathcart Martello tower.
| National Parks of Canada | ||
|---|---|---|
| National parks | Aulavik • Auyuittuq • Banff • Bruce Peninsula • Cape Breton Highlands • Elk Island • Forillon • Fundy • Georgian Bay Islands • Glacier • Grasslands • Gros Morne • Ivvavik • Jasper • Kejimkujik • Kluane • Kootenay • Kouchibouguac • La Mauricie • Mount Revelstoke • Point Pelee • Prince Edward Island • Pukaswa • Prince Albert • Quttinirpaaq • Riding Mountain • Sirmilik • St. Lawrence Islands • Terra Nova • Tuktut Nogait • Ukkusiksalik • Vuntut • Wapusk • Waterton Lakes • Wood Buffalo • Yoho |
 |
| National Park Reserves | Gulf Islands • Gwaii Haanas • Pacific Rim • Torngat Mountains • Mingan Archipelago • Kluane • Nahanni • Tuktut Nogait | |
| Marine Conservation | Fathom Five • Saguenay-St. Lawrence | |
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