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Soul jazz
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| soul jazz | |
|---|---|
| Stylistic origins: | hard bop, rhythm and blues, blues, gospel |
| Cultural origins: | 1950s |
| Typical instruments: | Hammond organ, piano, saxophone, guitar, double bass, electric bass, drums |
| Mainstream popularity: | 1950s to 1970s |
Soul jazz was a development of hard bop which incorporated strong influences from blues, gospel and rhythm and blues in music for small groups, often the organ trio which featured the Hammond organ. Important soul jazz organists included Bill Doggett, Charles Earland, Richard "Groove" Holmes, Les McCann, "Brother" Jack McDuff, Jimmy McGriff, Lonnie Smith, Don Patterson, Jimmy Smith and Johnny Hammond Smith.
Tenor saxophone was also important in soul jazz; important soul jazz tenors include Gene Ammons, Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, Eddie Harris, Houston Person, and Stanley Turrentine. Alto player Lou Donaldson was also an important figure, as was Hank Crawford. Unlike hard bop, soul jazz generally emphasized repetitive grooves and melodic hooks, and improvisations were often less complex than in other jazz styles.
Soul jazz was developed in the late 1950s, reaching public awareness with the release of The Cannonball Adderley Quintet in San Francisco,[1][2] and was perhaps most popular in the mid-to-late 1960s, though many soul jazz performers, and elements of the music, remain popular. Although the term "soul jazz" contains the word "soul," soul jazz is only a distant cousin to Soul music, in that soul developed from gospel and blues rather than from jazz.
Some well-known soul jazz recordings are Lee Morgan's "The Sidewinder" (1963), Herbie Hancock's "Cantaloupe Island" (1964) (which was popularized further when sampled by US3 on Cantaloop), Horace Silver's "Song for My Father" (1964) (which was musically alluded to by Steely Dan with "Rikki Don't Lose That Number"), Ramsey Lewis's "The In Crowd" (1965), and Cannonball Adderly's "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy" (1966) (also popularized further when covered as a top 40 pop song by The Buckinghams).
Soul Jazz evolved into the Jazz-Funk of the 1970s.
- Organ trio, the small jazz ensemble based around the Hammond organ which was popular in the 1950s and 1960s
- List of soul-jazz musicians
- Category:Soul-jazz musicians
- ^ Sidran, Ben. Jazz Profiles from NPR: Nat Adderley (1931-2000) NPR. Accessed December 13, 2007.
- ^ See also Herrmann, Zachary. (April 2, 2007) Concord releases Orrin Keepnews Collection JazzTimes Magazine. Accessed December 13, 2007.
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| Genres | Acid jazz - Asian American jazz - Avant-garde jazz - Bebop - Crossover jazz - Dixieland - Calypso jazz - Chamber jazz - Cool jazz - Free jazz - Gypsy jazz - Hard bop - Jazz blues - Jazz-funk - Jazz fusion - Jazz rap - Latin jazz - Mainstream jazz - Mini-jazz - Modal jazz - M-Base - Nu jazz - Smooth jazz - Soul jazz - Swing - Trad jazz - West Coast jazz |
| Topics | Jazz piano - Jazz guitar - Jazz standard - Jazz royalty - Jazz band - Big band - Jazz (word) |
| Lists | Standards • Albums • Genres • Festivals • Clubs |
| Lists of Musicians | Musicians • Bassists • Trumpeters • Saxophonists • Drummers • Guitarists • Pianists • Vocalists • Clarinetists • Trombonists • Jazz fusion artists • Smooth jazz • Sicilian-American jazz musicians |