Size of the U.S. House of Representatives

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The size of the United States House of Representatives is 435, as it has been since 1910, a number fixed by the Reapportionment Act of 1929 and the Apportionment Act of 1941 (with the exception of 1959 to 1962 when there were 437 seats to accommodate the admission of Hawaii and Alaska to the United States). There are an additional five "delegates", or Resident Commissioners, in the House of Representatives. They represent the District of Columbia and the territories of American Samoa, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico. The Northern Mariana Islands do not currently elect any sort of representative to Congress, although legislation was introduced by former Rep. Richard Pombo of California that would allow them to do so.

The original size and apportionment of the House was set by Article One, Section 2.2C Clause 3 of the U.S. Constitution.

The size of the First Congress was actually 59, as North Carolina and Rhode Island did not ratify the Constitution until after Congress first convened.

The size and apportionment were adjusted following each U.S. Census and the admission of states to the union. Following the 1910 census, only the apportionment has changed.

During the Civil War period of 1860-1869 various secessionist delegations did not go to Congress.

Apportionment (year of census) Congress Authorized Apportionment Size of House
First Last Beginning End
Constitution 1 2 65 64 69
1 (1790) 3 7 105 105 106
2 (1800) 8 12 141 142 143
3 (1810) 13 17 181 182 187
4 (1820) 18 22 213 213 213
5 (1830) 23 27 240 240 242
6 (1840) 28 32 223 223 233
7 (1850) 33 37 234 234 238
8 (1860) 38 42 241 241 243
9 (1870) 43 47 292 292 293
10 (1880) 48 52 325 325 332
11 (1890) 53 57 356 356 357
12 (1900) 58 62 386 386 393
13 (1910) 63 67 435 435 435
14 (1920) 68 72 435 435 435
15 (1930) 73 77 435 435 435
16 (1940) 78 82 435 435 435
17 (1950) 83 87 435 435 437
18 (1960) 88 92 435 437 435
19 (1970) 93 97 435 435 435
20 (1980) 98 102 435 435 435
21 (1990) 103 107 435 435 435
22 (2000) 108 112 435 435 435


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