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Shishupala or Sisupala was son of Damaghosha, king of Chedi, by Srutadeva, sister of Vasudeva; he was therefore cousin of Krishna, but he was Krishna's implacable foe, because Krishna had carried off Rukmini, his intended wife. He was slain by Krishna at the great sacrifice of Yudhishthira in punishment of opprobrious abuse.

The Mahabharata states that Sisupala was born with three eyes and four arms. His parents were inclined to cast him out, but were warned by a voice not to do so, as his time was not come. It also foretold that his superfluous members should disappear when a certain person took the child into his lap, and that he would eventually die by the hands of that same person. Krishna placed the child on his knees and the extra eye and arms disappeared; Krishna also killed him. In the Mahabharata,Shishupala's mother was given a vow from Krishna,her nephew that he will pardon his cousin Shishupala a hundred times and then kill him. When Yudishthira decided to make the Rajuya Yajna,At that time Shishupala insulted Krishna as a cowherd and worthless to be honoured as a king.He insulted Krishna as a cowherd.He had before,also been humiliated by Krishna when Krishna stole his beautiful bride,Rukmini who was destined to marry Shishupala by his great friend who was Rukmini's brother Rukmi.

The Vishnu Purana contributes an additional legend about him. "Sisupala was in a former existence the unrighteous but valiant monarch of the Daityas, Hiranyakasipu, who was killed by the divine guardian of creation (in the man-lion Avatara). He was next the ten-headed (sovereign Ravana), whose unequalled prowess, strength, and power were overcome by the lord of the three worlds (Rama). Having been killed by the deity in the form of Raghava, he had long enjoyed the reward of his virtues in exemption from an embodied state, but had now received birth once more as Sisupala, the son of Damaghosha, king of Chedi. In this character he renewed with great inveteracy than ever his hostile hatred towards Pundariksha (Vishnu), and was in consequence slain by him. But from the circumstance of his thoughts being constantly engrossed by the supreme being, Sisupala was united with him after death, for the lord bestows a heavenly and exalted station even upon those whom he slays in his displeasure."

His death forms the subject of the celebrated 8th century poem Shishupala Vadha.

• Dowson's Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology

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