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Scunthorpe
Scunthorpe shown within Lincolnshire
Population	72,660
OS grid reference	SE893102
Unitary authority	North Lincolnshire
Ceremonial county	Lincolnshire
Region	Yorkshire and the Humber
Constituent country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	SCUNTHORPE
Postcode district	DN15 - 17
Dialling code	01724
Police	Humberside
Fire	Humberside
Ambulance	East Midlands
UK Parliament	Scunthorpe
European Parliament	Yorkshire and the Humber
List of places: UK • England • Lincolnshire

Coordinates: 53°34′51″N 0°39′01″W / 53.5809, -0.6502

Scunthorpe is a town within North Lincolnshire, England. It is the administrative centre of the North Lincolnshire unitary authority, and has a total resident population of 72,660.^{[citation needed]}

A predominantly industrial town, Scunthorpe is also known as the 'Industrial Garden Town'.

Contents 1 Geography and administration 1.1 Civic history 1.2 Coat of arms 2 History 2.1 Etymology 2.2 Industrial history 3 Industry and commerce 3.1 Retail 4 Education 5 Law and Order 6 Sport 7 Controversies 8 Get Carter 9 Notable residents 10 Twinned municipalities 11 Musical links 12 References 13 External links

The town is situated at the terminus of the M181. Sadly since the outgoing of Scunthorpe Borough Council and the inception of North Lincolnshire Council, a demise in the number of flower beds, shrubbery and greenery in general has led some people to ask whether Scunthorpe should still carry the tag of 'The Industrial Garden Town'.

Historically part of Lincolnshire, in 1889 the area was included in the Lincolnshire, Parts of Lindsey administrative county. Separate local government began in 1890 when the Scunthorpe local board of health was formed. In 1894 the local board was replaced with an urban district council. Ten years later the neighbouring townships of Brumby and Frodingham (including Crosby) were also constituted an urban district. The two urban districts were amalgamated, along with the parish of Ashby in 1919 to form a new Scunthorpe urban district. Scunthorpe received a charter incorporating the town as a municipal borough in 1936.^[1]

Local authority boundary changes brought the town into the new county of Humberside in 1974, and a new non-metropolitan district, the Borough of Scunthorpe was formed with the same boundaries as the old municipal borough. The opening of the Humber Bridge on 24 June 1981 provided a permanent link between North and South Humberside but did not secure Humberside's future. To the relief of its many detractors, the county of Humberside (and Humberside County Council) was abolished on 1 April 1996 and succeeded by four unitary authorities.

The previous Humberside districts of Glanford and Scunthorpe, and that part of Boothferry district south of the northern boundaries of the parishes of Crowle, Eastoft, Luddington, Haldenby and Amcotts, now comprise the unitary authority of North Lincolnshire.^[2] On amalgamation charter trustees were formed for Scunthorpe,^[3] and they continue to elect a town mayor.

When Scunthorpe was incorporated as a borough in 1936, it also received a grant of a coat of arms from the College of Arms.^[4] These arms were transferred to the new borough council formed in 1974,^[5] and are now used by the town's charter trustees.

The green shield and golden wheatsheaf recall that the area was until recently agricultural in nature. Across the centre of the shield is a length of chain. This refers to the five villages of Crosby, Scunthorpe, Frodingham, Brumby & Ashby linking together as one. At the top of the shield are two fossils of the species gryphoea incurva. These remains of oysters, known as the "devil's toenails", were found in the rock strata from which ironstone was quarried. The crest, on top of the helm, shows a blast furnace. This is also referred to in the Latin motto: "Refulget labores nostros coelo" or "The heavens reflect our labours" popularly attributed to the glow observed in the night sky from the steelmaking activities.^[6]

The town appears in the Domesday Book (1086) as Escumetorp, which is Old Norse for "Skuma's homestead", a site which is believed to be in the town centre close to where the present-day Market Hill is located.

Ironstone was mined in the area as early as the Roman occupation, but the deposits lay forgotten until the 19th century. The rediscovery of iron ore in 1859 by Rowland Winn on the land of his father, Charles, resulted in the development of an iron and steel industry and rapid population growth.^[7]

Iron ore was first mined in the Scunthorpe area in July 1860. Owing to the lack of a mainline railway the ore was transferred to a wharf at Gunness (or Gunhouse), initially by cart then by a narrow gauge railway, for distribution by barge or mainline rail from Keadby. Winn knew that the best way of exploiting the iron ore fields was for a rail link to be built from Keadby to Barnetby. He campaigned tirelessly for the link; construction work started in mid-1860 and was complete in 1864. He persuaded the Dawes brothers, to whose ironworks the ore was being supplied, to build an ironworks at the site of the iron ore fields at Scunthorpe. Construction of Scunthorpe's first ironworks, the Trent Ironworks, began in 1862, with the first cast from the blast furnace being tapped on 26 March 1864. Other ironworks followed: building of the Frodingham Ironworks began in 1864; North Lincoln Ironworks in 1866; Redbourn Hill Iron & Coal Company in 1872; Appleby Ironworks blew in their first blast furnace in 1876; and the last constructed being John Lysaght's Iron and Steelworks in 1911, with production starting in 1912. Crude steel had been produced at Frodingham Ironworks in 1887 but this proved not to be viable. Maxmilian Mannaburg came to Frodingham Ironworks in 1889 to help build and run the steelmaking plant and on the night of 21 March 1890 the first steel was tapped.

Rowland Winn is remembered in the town by three street names: Rowland Road, Winn Street & Oswald Road. He assumed the title Lord St Oswald in 1885.

The steel industry is still the major employer in the area and the largest operator within it is the Indian-owned firm Corus. However the industry has shrunk in recent years, following the closure of the Normanby Park works (also known as Lysaght's) and the huge Redbourne complex in the early 1980s; the number employed in the industry fell from 27,000 at its height to around 4,500 (not including outside contractors, such as Hansons plc) today.

Other industries in the town include those associated with the steelworks such as engineering, along with food production, distribution and retailing - most of these now employing a large Polish and Slovak workforce.

According to the Environment Agency in the year 2000, Scunthorpe was home to one of the biggest polluting businesses in the United Kingdom, British Steel, whose sites in the town and at Llanwern and Port Talbot produced more dioxins than the next 15 biggest polluters. ^[8]

The environmental charity Greenpeace also listed the town as a PVC toxic hotspot ^[9]

Scunthorpe enjoys relatively good shopping facilities, with both the uncovered Foundry Shopping Centre and the part-covered Parishes Centre. The former was constructed in the late 1960s/early 1970s during a wholesale reconstruction of the old town; the latter was constructed in the early part of this decade on the site of the town's old bus station. There are also many well known retailers on the High Street, although there are no book shops in the vicinity.

However the size of the retail units reflects the size of the area's population and with larger shopping facilities within reasonable travelling distance in Grimsby, Hull, Doncaster, Lincoln and at Meadowhall, Sheffield many locals often travel to these towns for major purchases. Retail parks can be found near the football stadium (Scunthorpe United) and the steelworks.

All the big food retailers are represented in the area; There is a Tesco Extra opposite the football ground, while Sainsbury's have their store on the site of the old football ground. Morrison's have a store at the bottom of Mortal Ash Hill (A18 road), on the eastern entrance to the town while Asda have a store on Burringham Road.

North Lincolnshire, unlike its neighbour Lincolnshire, has comprehensive education. Brumby Engineering College is on Cemetery Road. The Foxhills School Technology College on Foxhills Road is in the north of the town near Crosby. High Ridge School Specialist Sports College is on Doncaster Road. South Leys Business & Enterprise College is on Enderby Road, which is in Riddings. This establishment is soon to be merged with Thomas Sumpter School (see following listing) in a brand-new £15m building, which North Lincolnshire Council claims will free up huge amounts of cash for education in the area. Thomas Sumpter Comprehensive School [3] is on Chandos Road to the east of the town. Frederick Gough School, a specialist language college on Grange Lane South, is to the south of the town in Bottesford. St.Bede's Catholic School is a specialist mathematics and computing college, which is owned by the Roman Catholic Church. It is the highest achieving school in the area. The John Leggott Sixth-Form College (JLC) is on West Common Lane. Close by is the North Lindsey College is on Kingsway (A18). Also primary education is served by a number of infant, junior and primary schools, Leys Farm Junior School being one of them on Park Avenue in Bottesford.

The area is served by Humberside Police. According to the website upmystreet.com the area has crime rates higher than the national average, especially in the categories of violence against the person, sexual offences, burglary and theft of motor vehicles. ^[10]

The town has a Football League club, Scunthorpe United (nicknamed 'The Iron') who play at Glanford Park. For most of its existence in the professional game (since only 1950) it has been in the basement league of the English game. From 2007/8 however, having won promotion as champions, The Iron will play in England's second division, the Championship. This is the first time they have played at this level for 45 years.

In the last financial year for which accounts are available (the year ending June 2006) the club lost over £300,000 ^[11] and in the latest set of statistics available (2005/06) the club has the sixth worst level of banning orders amongst supporters in League One (out of 24 clubs), totalling 38 such orders. ^[12]

Scunthorpe also has a speedway team known as the Scunthorpe Scorpions who compete in the British Premier League, the sport's second tier in Britain. The speedway team has been running since 2005 and won a grand slam of the Conference League trophies in both 2006 & 2007.

Kevin Keegan and Ray Clemence both played for Scunthorpe United F.C. in the early 1970s before being signed for Liverpool F.C..

In 1996 there was controversy when AOL's obscenity filter (among others) refused to accept the name of the town due to its inclusion of the substring cunt, which the filter rejected as obscene. Some online forums display the name as S****horpe, while Fark.com would display it as Scoonthorpe. This situation is known in the computing world as the Scunthorpe Problem.

In 2007 a senior manager at a local employer, Nisa-Today, made remarks about the town which brought criticism from residents. John Baines, senior trading controller for the company, made the comments at a trade conference where he said one of the town's major industries was 'handbag theft', that local women wear 'mattresses on their backs in case they meet someone they know' and that if you wanted to 'know what Scunthorpe looked like in the 1970's...go there today'. The comments were published online by the trade journal Off-Licence News and reprinted in the Scunthorpe Telegraph. Mr Baines later apologised if his remarks caused any offence and that they were meant in a light-hearted manner. ^[13]

In 1981 the comedian and writer Spike Milligan published a book Spike Milligan, Indefinite Articles and Scunthorpe. The inclusion of the town's name in a comedy book caused much anger in the area to which Milligan replied, "We should like the people of Scunthorpe to know that the references to Scunthorpe are nothing personal. It is a joke, as is Scunthorpe" ^[14]

The Mancunian-born writer Ted Lewis, who lived in nearby Barton-upon-Humber, featured the town in some of his novels about low-life 1960s gangster Jack Carter. The most famous of these books, Jack's Return Home saw the main character return from London to his home-town of Scunthorpe to avenge his brother's death. The story itself was based on the background to the real-life murder of Newcastle businessman Angus Sibbet in 1967, in what was known as the Fruit Machine Murder.

The film rights to this book where purchased by MGM who ironically transferred the setting from Scunthorpe to Newcastle-upon-Tyne and released the film in 1971 as the cult British crime thriller Get Carter, starring Michael Caine in the lead role. However none of the production was shot in the area, it being filmed entirely on location on Tyneside.

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In alphabetical order by surname.

• Neale Barry, Premiership referee. Studied at Thomas Sumpter School
• Darren Bett, BBC weather presenter.
• Samantha Cameron, nee Sheffield, formerly of Thealby, near Scunthorpe: wife of the leader of the Conservative Party, David Cameron.
• Emily Butterfield - actress.
• Allan Clarke, ex-Leeds United and England player, former manager of Scunthorpe United, now living in the area
• Ray Clemence, former goalkeeper of the English national football team.
• Kevin Doyle, actor. Credits include The Lakes and latterly Drop Dead Gorgeous, attended Brumby Comprehensive School and JLC.
• Danny Flynn, science-fiction and fantasy artist, attended High Ridge School.
• Stephen Fretwell, singer-songwriter. According to his website, "he once described [the town] as having 'no soul'".
• Tony Jacklin, golfer. U.S. open winner, 1970.
• Rob McElnea, former 500cc grand prix rider and now team manager of the Virgin Mobile Yamaha team in the British Superbike Championship.
• Iain Matthews, singer.
• Colin Wright, singer (ex. D'Oyly Carte Opera Company).
• Joan Plowright, actress.
• Martin Simpson, guitarist, (1957-2007).
• Liz Smith, actress.
• Sheridan Smith, actress. From nearby Epworth.
• Jim Coulson radio presenter, writer and comedian.
• Graham Taylor, former manager of the English national football team.
• Alan Walker, musicologist and biographer of Franz Liszt.
• Nigel Watson, ufologist and writer.
• Will Hewson, geographer.
• Ian Botham, cricketer, also used to play football for Scunthorpe United.
• Kevin Keegan, former England football manager also played for Scunthorpe United in his early days.
• David Babski, current Premiership linesman
• Sophie Eyre, First female officer in the 5th rank army to have gained 4 medals.

• Clamart, France
• Lüneburg, Germany

• The Toy Dolls covered Charlie Daniels Band's The Devil Went Down to Georgia with their 1997 recording "The Devil Went Down to Scunthorpe".
• The town featured in a 1990 television advertising campaign for the a loyalty card called Premier Points in which the Gene Pitney song Twenty-four Hours from Tulsa was re-worked as Twenty-four Toasters from Scunthorpe
• The Baths Hall in Doncaster Road was a popular music venue, before it closed.
• The Kosh Fu Masters are one of few groups to have played at both Live Aid and Live 8.

• This Is Scunthorpe (Scunthorpe Telegraph)
• North Lincolnshire Council
• Rails Around Lincolnshire - A growing website showing news and information on the railway network around Scunthorpe
• Glanford and Scunthorpe Canoe Club open to all based in Brigg Just outside Scunthorpe
• Scunthorpe United FC Internet Resources
• Brief history of Scunthorpe
• Scunthorpe Station website
• Scunthorpe - The Heavens Reflect Our Labours. Documentary on Scunthorpe history made by local schoolchildren
• Scunthorpes Pubs A look at Scunthorpes public houses.