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Qamar-ud-din Khan, Asaf Jah I
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Qamar-ud-din Khan, Asaf Jah I | |
|---|---|
| The First Nizam of Hyderabad | |
| Asaf Jah I.jpg | |
| Reign | 1720–1749 |
| Born | 20 August 1671 |
| Agra | |
| Died | 1 June 1748 |
| Burhanpur | |
| Father | Nawab Ghazi ud-din Nawab Khan Bahadur (Farzand-i-Arjumand) |
| Mother | Wazir un-nisa Begum |
Qamar ad-Din Chin Qilij Khan Asaf Jah I was the founder of the Asaf Jahi dynasty that ruled Hyderabad state from 1720 to 1749.
Contents |
He was born to Nawab Ghazi ud-din Nawab Khan Bahadur (Farzand-i-Arjumand) and his first wife Wazir un-nisa Begum at Agra, 20 August 1671 as Mir Qamar ud-din Khan[1]. The name was given to him by the Mughal Emperor Aurangazeb[2]. His grandfathers were Nawab Qilich Khan Bahadur (Paternal) and Nawab Saadullah Khan Bahadur(Maternal), the Jumlat-ul-Mulk (Minister) to Aurangazeb[1].
His official name is Asaf Jah I, Yamin us-Sultanat, Rukn us-Sultanat, Jumlat ul-Mulk, Madar ul-Maham, Nizam ul-Mulk, Nizam ud-Daula, Khan-i-Dauran, Nawab Mir Ghazi ud-din Khan Bahadur, Fateh Jang, Sipah Salar, Nawab Subadar of the Deccan.
He was educated privately[1].
At the age of six, Mir Qumaruddin accompanied his father to the Mughal court. Aurangzeb awarded him a mansab, and said to his father, "The star of destiny shines on the forehead of your son". Mir Qumaruddin displayed considerable skill as a warrior and at the age of nineteen, the Emperor bestowed on him the title "Chin Fateh Khan". At 26, he was appointed Commander in Chief and Viceroy, first at Bijapur, then Malwa and later of the Deccan[2].
Upon the death of Aurangazed, he revolted and proceeded to the Deccan, 9th May 1719, taking possession of Asir on the same day, and Burhanpur 25th May 1719[1].
He defeated the Imperial commander Sayyid Dilawar Ali Khan on 19th June 1720 at Hasanpu in Handia, and founded an independent principality. His Deccani possessions by Imperial farman on 20th June 1720[1].
He ascended the musnad at Burhanpur on 31st July 1720. and becomed the Vice-regent of the Empire with the title of Waqil-i-Mutlaq on 8th February 1722[1].
Unrest and claims to the throne continued after the death of Aurangzeb, and amidst the general confusion, he had little difficulty in asserting his independence from the weak occupants of the Delhi throne. However, his independence was the cause of much jealousy, and the Delhi court secretly instructed Mubariz Khan, the Subedar of the Deccan, to oppose him. A battle was fought at Battle of Sakhar Kheda in the district of Berar in 1724, where Mubariz Khan was defeated and killed. This battle established Asaf Jah's supremacy in the Deccan. He first set up his capital at Aurangabad but later moved to Hyderabad, which became the capital of the Asaf Jahi dynasty, the kingdom of Hyderabad[2].
Nizam-ul-Mulk's greatest achievement was the foundation of the Hyderabad Dominion. He attained his object by waging a struggle against the Marathas and by the policy of non-involvement in the rivalry for power between the British and the French. His policy has been justified by later events as Hyderabad state survived right through the period of British rule up to the time of Indian independence 1947, and was indeed the largest - the state covered an extensive 95,337 sq. miles (An area larger than Mysore or Gwalior and the size of Nepal and Kashmir put together)[3] - and one of the most prosperous, among the princely states of the British Raj.
He died at Burhanpur, 1 June 1748 and was buried at mazaar of Shaikh Burhan ud-din Gharib Chisti, Khuldabad, near Aurangabad.
- 1685 : Khan
- 1691 : Khan Bahadur
- 1697 : Chin Qilich Khan (by Emperor Aurangazeb[2])
- 9 December 1707 : Khan-i-Dauran Bahadur
- 1712 : Ghazi ud-din Khan Bahadur and Firuz Jang
- 12 January 1713 : Khan-i-Khanan, Nizam ul-Mulk and Fateh Jang (by Emperor Farukh Siar[2])
- 12 July 1737 : Asaf Jah (by Emperor Muhammad Shah[2])
- 26 February 1739 : Amir ul-Umara and Bakshi ul-Mamaluk (Paymaster-General)
- 1701-1705 : Faujdar of the Carnatic and Talikota
- 1705-1706 : Faujdar of the Bijapur, Azamnagar and Belgaum
- 1706-1707 : Faujdar of Raichur, Talikota, Sakkhar and Badkal
- 1707 : Faujdar of Firoznagar and Balkona
- 9 December 1707-6 February 1711 : Subedar of Oudh and Faujdar of Gorakhpur
- 12 January 1713-April 1715 : Subedar of the Deccan and Faujdar of the Carnatic
- April 1717-7 January 1719 : Faujdar of Moradabad
- 7 February-15 March 1719: Subedar of Patna
- 15 March 1719-1724 : Subedar of Malwa
- 1722-1724 : Subedar of Gujarat
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Qamar-ud-din Khan, Asaf Jah I
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| Preceded by None |
Nizam of Hyderabad 1720–1 June 1748 |
Succeeded by Nasir Jang Mir Ahmad |
- ^ a b c d e f g h The Asaf Jahi Dynasty : Genealogy.
- ^ a b c d e f Hyderabad on the Net : The Nizams.
- ^ Hyderabad Online : The Nizam Dynasty.
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