Pippin of Italy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pippin of Italy (April, 773July 8, 810) was the son of Charlemagne and king of Italy (781-810) under the authority of his father.

Pippin was the third son of Charlemagne, and the second with his wife Hildegard. He was born Carloman, but when his brother Pippin the Hunchback betrayed their father, the royal name Pippin passed to him. He was made king of Italy after his father's conquest of the Lombards, in 781, and crowned by Pope Hadrian I with the Iron Crown of Lombardy.

He was active as ruler of Italy and worked to expand the Frankish empire. In 791, he marched a Lombard army into the Drava valley and ravaged Pannonia, while his father marched along the Danube into Avar territory. Charlemagne left the campaigning to deal with a Saxon revolt in 792. Pippin and Duke Eric of Friuli continued, however, to assault the Avars' ring-shaped strongholds. The great Ring of the Avars, their capital fortress, was taken twice. The booty was sent to Charlemagne in Aachen and redistributed to all his followers and even to foreign rulers, including King Offa of Mercia.

His activities included a long, but unsuccessful siege of Venice in 810. The siege lasted six months and Pippin's army was ravaged by the diseases of the local swamps and was forced to withdraw. A few months later Pippin died.

He married Bertha, daughter of William of Gellone, count of Toulouse, and had five daughters with her (Adelaide, married Duke Guy I of Spoleto; Atala; Gundrada; Bertha; and Tetrada), all of whom but the eldest were born between 800 and Pippin's death and died before their grandfather's death in 814. Pippin also had an illegitimate son Bernard. Pippin was expected to inherit a third of his father's empire, but he predeceased him. The Italian crown passed on to his son Bernard, but the empire went to Pippin's younger brother Louis the Pious.

Preceded by
Charlemagne
King of Italy
781810
Succeeded by
Bernard
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