Patrilocal residence

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In social anthropology, patrilocal residence or patrilocality (also virilocal residence or virilocality) is a kinship term referring to the societal system in which the offspring of a mother living near the relations of the male. The concept of location may extend to a larger area such as a village, town, or clan area. This practice is found in about 69 percent of the world's societies.

In a patrilocal society, when a man marries his wife joins him in his father's home or compound, where they raise their children. These children will follow the same pattern: Sons will stay, and daughters will move in with their husbands' families. Families living in a patrilocal residence generally assume joint ownership of domestic sources. The household is led by a senior member, who also directs the labor of all other members.

Matrilocal residence may be regarded as the opposite of patrilocal residence. However, since the majority of societies exhibit at least some degree of patriarchy, in most matrilocal groups the brothers (or mothers' brothers) are the authority figures, not the wives or mothers themselves.

  • Fox, Robin (1967). Kinship and Marriage: An anthropological perspective.. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-27823-6. 

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