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Nymphaea caerulea
Nymphaea caerulea leaf and flower
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Nymphaeales Family: Nymphaeaceae Genus: Nymphaea Species: N. caerulea
Binomial name
Nymphaea caerulea Sav.

Nymphaea caerulea, also known as the Egyptian blue lily or sacred blue lily, is a blue water-lily in the genus Nymphaea that grows along the Nile, amongst other locations. It is not to be confused with blue lotus, Nelumbo nucifera, although it has historically been known as the blue lotus and sacred lotus, particularly in discussing its revered status among the Ancient Egyptians, Nubians, Abyssinians, and any number of historic African civilizations of the ancient world.^{[citation needed]}

The leaves are broadly rounded, 25-40 cm across, with a notch at the leaf stem. The flowers are 10-15 cm diameter. Reports in the literature by persons unfamiliar with its actual growth and blooming cycle have suggested that the flowers open in the morning, rising to the surface of the water, then close and sink at dusk.^{[citation needed]} In fact, the flower buds rise to the surface over a period of two to three days, and when ready, open at approximately 9-9:30am and close about 3pm. The flowers and buds do not rise above the water in the morning, nor do they submerge at night. The flowers have pale bluish-white to sky-blue petals, smoothly changing to a pale yellow in the centre of the flower.

It was considered extremely significant in Egyptian mythology, since it was said to rise and fall with the sun. Consequently, due to its colourings, it was identified, in some beliefs, as having been the original container, in a similar manner to an egg, of Atum, and in similar beliefs Ra, both solar deities. As such, its properties form the origin of the lotus variant of the Ogdoad cosmogeny. It was the symbol of the Egyptian deity Nefertem.^{[citation needed]}

It is used in perfumes and aromatherapy.

Recent studies have shown Nympaea caerulea to have psychedelic properties, and may have been used as a sacrament in ancient Egypt and certain ancient South American cultures. Dosages of 5 to 10 grams of the flowers induces slight stimulation, a shift in thought processes, and mild closed-eye visuals. Nymphaea caerulea is very often confused with Nelumbo nucifera, the blue lotus, which contains the alkaloid nuciferine, which has sedative and muscle-relaxing properties. The active principal alkaloid in Nympaea caerulea is currently unknown.^{[citation needed]}

These psychoactive effects make Nymphaea caerulea a likely candidate (among several) for the lotus plant eaten by the mythical Lotophagi in Homer's Odyssey and in Alfred, Lord Tennyson's (fl. 1850) poem, The Lotos-Eaters.

The flowers are rumored to contain aporphine, an entheogen that is purported to have divinatory properties, and nuciferine, an antispasmodic, but the Egyptian species have never been scientifically tested for these compounds.^{[citation needed]}

Used in aromatherapy, Nymphaea caerulea is purported to have a "divine" essence, bringing euphoria, heightened awareness and tranquility.^{[citation needed]}

Other sources cite anti-spasmodic and sedative, purifying and calming properties.^{[citation needed]}

• Nymphaea lotus, the Egyptian white water-lily
• Palmette
• Fleur-de-lis

uses- It can be used to create a feeling of contentment and good health and for some works as a aphrodisiac. It was the egyptian symbol for good health, good romance and birth.