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The New York Guard is the name of the State Defense Force of New York State. Now with a unified command structure, until June 2006 it contained an Army Division and an Air Division. The mission of the New York Guard is to augment, assist and support the New York Army National Guard and New York Air National Guard respectively and civil authorities in New York State. New York also has a New York Naval Militia which, with the State Guard and the Army and Air National Guards, is under the command of the Governor of New York, the Adjutant General and New York's Division of Military and Naval Affairs. The New York State Guard is one of the largest and best organized State Guards in the United States and is historically derived from Revolutionary and Civil War era State military units that were reorganized several times in American history in response to various international and domestic crises.

Organized under the Military Law, State of New York, the New York Guard cannot be federalized and cannot be deployed outside New York State.

Members of the New York Guard are entitled to many of the benefits accorded members of other components of the 'Organized Militia of the State of New York,' the legal collective term describing the New York Army and Air National Guards, New York Naval Militia and New York Guard. These include 'military leave' for employees of state or local governments and many private employers.

Contents 1 Civil War Era 1.1 Chain of Command 2 New York Guard created, 1917 3 New York Guard, 1940 4 New York Guard, 2001 and beyond 5 Political Appointments 6 Major Subordinate Commands 7 See also 8 Links to Unit Pages 9 External links

For more detail, see List of New York Civil War Regiments

Many units of New York State militia saw service in the American Civil War, after being activated into Federal service by President Abraham Lincoln.

The activation of state militia by President Abraham Lincoln led to some conflict with State authorities in command of the units:

With the advent of the Civil War in April, 1861, the 14th regiment saw its first war service in guarding the Brooklyn Navy Yard. By mid-April of that year, the "Brooklyn Chasseurs" were ready to leave New York for Washington D.C. Colonel Alfred Wood advised the Honorable Edwin D. Morgan Governor of New York that the regiment was prepared to march and had accepted a three year federal enlistment. However, the governor would not issue orders for the regiment to leave New York. While encamped at Fort Greene Park in Brooklyn , Colonel Wood and Congressman Moses O'Dell went to see President Lincoln to secure orders for the regiment to march to Washington. President Lincoln lost no time in issuing those orders to the 14th Brooklyn. When Governor Morgan learned that the regiment was preparing to march, he telegraphed Colonel Wood and inquired "by what authority" did he move his regiment, Colonel Wood coolly replied, "By the authority of the President of the United States."[1]

On 3 August 1917, the Adjutant General of New York, in order to comply with the provisions of the State Constitution requiring that troops be available to the Governor for the protection of life and property of the citizens of New York, organized a State Military Force known as the New York Guard. The new force replaced the New York National Guard, drafted in the service of the United States on 5 August 1917.

On January 1, 1919, the Guard numbered 22,000 in active service. After the Armistice Federalized New York National Guard Units were returned to State control.

With the advent of World War II, New York National Guard units were federalized and the New York Guard was created for service to the State.[2]

The New York Guard experienced a resurgence after the September 11, 2001 attacks. New York Guard units were activated during the attacks, providing security at 'Ground Zero'. Medical units of the Guard worked under the command of the 42nd Infantry Division providing care at the World Trade Center site and at Camp Smith, in Westchester county.

Principal functional divisions of the New York Guard include internal security, engineering, medical and legal services, provided in support of all components of New York State military forces, i.e., the Army and Air National Guards, Naval Militia and the New York Guard, as well as to civil authorities.

The organizational structure now includes Air Guard units in addition to Army Guard units.

Currently, trained and state certified New York Guard soldiers augment and assist National Guard units in the following missions: WMD Decontamination - the joint New York Army National Guard / New York Air National Guard / New York Guard decon - or CERF - team was activated by the governor for state duty for 11 days during the 2004 Republican National Convention in New York City, Military Emergency Radio Network - the governor recently assigned the MERN mission to the New York Guard, and Search And Rescue - New York Guard SAR teams have been mobilized, most recently in the summer of '06 to search for a missing camper in the Adirondacks.

Training

All New York Guard enlisted recruits, unless they have prior military experience, must attend Initial Entry Training. After completion of IET soldiers may take any of the following courses based on their Military Occupational Specialty (MOS) and rank. Officers, unless they have have prior military experience, must complete basic officer training after appointment.

NYG Schools

The following schools are offered by the New York Guard.

• Initial Entry Training
• Basic and Advanced Search and Rescue
• Basic and Advanced Communications
• Basic Non-Commissioned Officer Course (BNCOC)
• Advanced Non-Commissioned Officer Course (ANCOC)
• Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) given in concert with FEMA/DHS
• Officer Candidate School (OCS) and Basic
• Company Grade and Field Grade Oficer courses.

Additional Training

Most NYG soldiers have augmented their training by taking courses with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and various other local and state agencies.

Military Emergency Management Specialist

Many soldiers in the New York Guard have earned the Military Emergency Management Specialists (MEMS) qualification offered by the State Guard Association of the United States. MEMS training indicates qualification to act within multi-agency and multi-jurisdictional responses to emergencies and similar incidents, and as liaisons to civilian agencies in an emergency. Also, MEMS-qualified personnel may staff state and local Emergency Operations Centers.

On May, 14 2007, the New York Times printed an article which pointed to the high number of politically active and powerful people appointed as high-ranking officers, with little or no prior military experience. The article named numerous judges and political party chairmen as well as four members of the Legislature, including Senate President Joe Bruno, and former US Senator Alphonse D'Amato. [3]

The Major Subordinate Commands of the New York Guard are:

• 10th Brigade, covering the Capital Region and northern New York, headquartered in Troy, NY;
• 14th Brigade, covering the Long Island Region, headquartered in Whitestone, NY;
• 56th Brigade, covering the Lower Hudson Valley, headquartered in Peekskill, NY;
• 65th Brigade, covering Western New York, headquartered in Buffalo, NY;
• 88th Brigade, covering New York City, headquartered in upper Manhattan;
• 12th Regimental Training Institute, headquartered at Camp Smith, Cortlandt Manor, NY;
• 244th Medical Clinic, headquartered at Camp Smith, and an
• The Air Augmentation Detachment, headquartered in Latham, a suburb of Albany, NY, was dissolved in Fall 2007 and its staff absorbed into other units of the New York Guard.

• State Defense Forces
• New York National Guard

• 1st Battalion 9th Regiment: A component of the 88th Brigade. This unit is located in the 69th Regiment Armory in New York City, 68 Lexington Ave, NY NY 11001.
• The 88th Brigade is the Major Subordinate Command for the New York City Area. Its headquarters are located in Upper Manhattan.
• The 56th Brigade is the Major Subordinate Command for the Lower Hudson Valley. Its headquarters are located in Peekskill, NY.
• The 14th Brigade is the Major Subordinate Command for the Long Island Area. Its headquarters are located in Whitestone, NY.
• 89th Army Band is the Band for the New York Guard. It is based at Camp Smith Training Site, Cortlandt Manor, NY.

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• Official NY State Homepage of the New York Guard
• New York Civil War Regiments online
• List of New York Military Units in the Civil War
• History of the NY State Militia 14th Regiment from Brooklyn
• 20th New York State Militia - Ulster Guard
• "newyorkguard.org" Public information and restricted-access site for NY Guard soldiers