| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Edinburgh |
Caeredin (Welsh)*, Dùn Èideann (Scots Gaelic)*, Dún Éideann (Irish)*, Edhimvúrgho - Εδιμβούργο (Greek)*, Edimbourg (French)*, Edimburg (Catalan*, Serbian*, Romanian*), Edimburgo (Italian*, Portuguese*, Spanish*), Edinborg (Icelandic)*, Edinbro - אדינברו (Hebrew)*, Edinburg (German [rare])*, Edinburga (Latvian)*, Edinburgas (Lithuanian)*, Edinburk (Czech)*, Edynburg (Polish)*, 愛丁堡 (Chinese)* |
| Edirne |
Adhrianúpoli - Αδριανούπολη (Greek)*, Adrianopel (German)*, Adrianopla (Portuguese)*, Adrianople (former English)*, Adrianopojë* or Εdrene* (Albanian), Adrianopol (Polish*, Romanian*, Slovak*), Adrianopole (Romanian)*, Adrianopoli (old Italian*, Finnish*), Adrianopolis (Czech*, Dutch*, Finnish*), Adrianópolis (Spanish)*, Drinápoly (Hungarian)*, Drinopol (variant in Czech* and Slovak*), Ədirnə (Azeri)*, Hadrianople (variant in English)*, Hadrianopolis (Latin)*, Jedrine (Serbian)*, Odrin (Bulgarian*, Macedonian*), Uskudama (Thracian)
|
| Eger |
Agria (Latin)*, Eger (Hungarian*, Dutch*, Finnish*), Eğri (Turkish)*, Erlau (German)*, Jager (Czech)*, Jáger (Slovak)*, Jagier (former Polish)* |
| Eisenhüttenstadt |
Eisenhüttenstadt (German)*, Stalinstadt (former German)*, Żelazowa Huta (Polish)* |
| Elbląg |
Elbiąg (local Polish dialect), Elbing (German)*, Elbląg (Polish)*, Ilfing (Old Danish)*, Truso (Old Prussian) |
| Ełk |
Ełk (Polish)*, Lyck (German)* |
| Elsinore |
Elseneur (French)*, Elsinor (Spanish*, Romanian*), Elsinore (Italian)*, Helsingør (Danish*, German variant*), Helsingör (Finnish*, German*, Swedish*) |
| Emmerich |
Emmerich (German)*, Emmerik (Dutch)* |
| Erlangen |
Erlangen (Dutch*, French*, German*), Erlanky (Czech)* |
| Espoo |
Aī sī bō 埃斯波 (Mandarin Chinese)*, Esbo (Swedish)*, Espo (Latvian*, Lithuanian*), Espoo (Estonian*, Finnish*, French*, German*, Portuguese*, Spanish*), Esupō エスポー (Japanese)* |
| Esztergom |
Estergon (Turkish)*, Eštergon (Serbian)*, Esztergom (Hungarian)*, Gran (German)*, Ostrihom (Slovak)*, Ostřihom (Czech)*, Ostrzyhom (Polish)*, Solva* and Strigonium * (Latin), Strigoniu (Romanian)* |
| Eupatoria |
Eupatoria (Polish*, Romanian*), Ευπατορία (Greek)*, Kezlev (Crimean Tatar*), Yevpatoriya - Євпаторія (Ukrainian)*, Yevpatoriya - Евпатория (Russian)* |
| Eupen |
Eupen (Dutch*, French*, German*), Naowe* or Naouwe* (Walloon, medieval spellings), Néau (French*, archaïc), Neyow (Walloon)* |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Famagusta |
Ammóchostos - Αμμόχωστος (Greek*), Famagouste (French)*, Famagusta (English*, German*), Gazimağusa (Turkish*), |
| Flensburg |
Flensborg (Danish*, Low Saxon*), Flensbourg (French)*, Flensburg (German*, Romanian*, Swedish*) |
| Florence |
Fflorens (Welsh)*, Firenca (Croatian*, Serbian*), Firence (Slovene)*, Firenze (Dutch*, Estonian*, Finnish*, Hungarian*, Italian*, Maltese, Norwegian*), Florance (Walloon)*, Flórans (Irish)*, Floransa (Turkish)*, Florença (Portuguese)*, Florence (French*, Latvian*), Florència (Catalan)*, Florencia (Slovak*, Spanish*), Florencie (Czech)*, Florencija (Lithuanian)*, Florencja (Polish)*, Florens (Swedish)*, Florenţa (Romanian)*, Florentía - Φλωρεντία (Greek)*, Florenz (German)*, 佛羅倫斯 / 翡冷翠 (Chinese)
|
| Flushing |
Flesinga (Spanish)*, Flessinga (Italian)*, Flessingue (French)*, Vlissingen (Dutch)* |
| Fort Augustus |
Cille Chumein (Scots Gaelic)* |
| Frankfurt am Main |
Francfort (Catalan)*, Fráncfort del Meno (Spanish)*, Francfort-sur-le-Main (French)*, Francoforte sobre o Meno (Portuguese)*, Francoforte sul Meno (Italian)*, Frankfort aan de Main (Dutch*, Limburgian*), Frankfurt al Mayn - פרנקפורט על מיין (Hebrew)*Frankfurt am Main (German)*, Frankfurt na Majni (Croatian*, Bosnian*, Serbian*, Slovene*), (Main Kıyısında ki) Frankfurt (Turkish)*, Frankfurt nad Menem (Polish)*, Frankfurt nad Mohanem (Czech)*, Frankfurt nad Mohanom (Slovak)*, Frankfurt pe Main (Romanian)*, Frankfurtas prie Maino (Lithuanian)*, Frankfurte pie Mainas (Latvian)*, Frankfúrti - Φρανκφούρτη (επί του Μάιν) (Greek)*, Majnafrankfurt (former Hungarian)*, Maynada Frankfurt (Azeri)*, 法蘭克福 (Chinese)* |
| Frankfurt (Oder) |
Fráncfort del Oder (Spanish)*, Francfort-sur-l'Oder (French)*, Francoforte sobre o Óder (Portuguese)*, Francoforte sull'Oder (Italian)*, Frankfurt (Oder) (German)*, Frankfurt an der Oder (German)*, Frankfurt nad Odrą (Polish)*, Frankfurt nad Odrou (Slovak*, Czech*), Frankfurt na Odri (Croatian*, Bosnian* Serbian*, Slovene*), Frankfurt pe Oder (Romanian)*, Frankfurtas prie Oderio (Lithuanian)*, Frankfurte pie Oderas (Latvian)*, (Oder Kıyısında ki) Frankfurt (Turkish)*, Oderafrankfurt (older Hungarian)*, (Oderdə) Frankfurt (Azeri)*, Φρανκφούρτη (επί του Οδέρου) (Greek)* |
| Freiburg |
Frajburg (Serbian)*, Freiburg im Breisgau (German)*, Freiburga (Latvian)*, Fribourg-en-Brisgovie (French)*, Friburgo (Portuguese)*, Friburgo de Brisgovia (Spanish)*, Friburgo di Brisgovia (Italian)*, Fryburg Bryzgowijski (Polish)* |
| Freising |
Brižinje* and Brižine* (Slovene), Freising (German)*, Fresinga (Spanish variant)*, Frisinga (Italian*, Spanish*), Frisingue (French)* |
| Fribourg |
Freiburg im Üechtland (German)*, Fribourg (French*, Finnish*), Friburg (Catalan*, Romansh*), Friburgo (Italian *, Portuguese*, Spanish*), Fryburg (Polish)* |
| Frombork |
Frauenburg (German)*, Frombork (Polish)* |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Gallipoli |
Galipolis (Lithuanian)*, Galipolje (Croatian*, Serbian*), Gallipoli (Dutch*, Finnish*, French*, German*, Italian*, Romanian*), Gelibolu (Turkish)*, Kallípolis - Καλλίπολις (Greek)*, Galipoli - גליפולי (Hebrew)* |
| Galway |
Gaillimh (Irish)*, Galvia (Latin)* |
| Ganja |
Gəncə (Azeri)*, Gandja (French*, Spanish*, Portuguese*, Danish*), Gandscha (German)*, Gandzja (Dutch)*, Gangia (Italian)*, Gyandzha - Гянджа (Russian*, Ukrainian*, Belorusian*, Bulgarian*), Gandża (Polish)*, Gjandža - Гјанџа (Serbian)*, Ganjeh - گنجه (Persian)*, Gence (Turkish)*, Gkiantzá - Γκιαντζά (Greek)*, Ganja - განჯა (Georgian)*, Gandzak - Գանձակ (Armenian)*, Gence - گنجه (Kurdish)*, Gandža (Finnish*, Estonian*, Lithuanian*), Gandžā (Latvian*), Gandzsá (Hungarian*), Ghianja (Romanian*), Ganja - גנזה (Hebrew*), Janza - جنزا (Arabic*), Ganga - ܓܢܓܐ (Syriac), Ganzha - Ганжа (former Russian), Yelizavetpol - Елизаветполь (former Russian), Elisabethpol (former German), Elisávetpoli - Ελισάβετπολη (former Greek), Kirovabad - Кировабад (obsolete) |
| Gdańsk |
Dancig (older Hungarian*), Danţig (older Romanian*), Dants - דאַנץ (Yiddish)*, Dantsic (older English alternate)*, Dantzig (Afrikaans)*, Danswijk (Dutch)*, Danzig (Icelandic)*, Danzica (Italian)*, Danzig (German*, older Turkish*), Gdańsk (Polish)*, Gyddanyzc (Pommeranian, mentioned in 997 AD), Gduńsk (Kashubian)*, Gedania* - Dantiscum* (Latin), Gdanjsk (Croatian*, Bosnian*, Serbian*), Gdaňsk (Czech)*, Gdansk (Finnish*, Romanian*, Turkish*), Gdaņska (Latvian)*, Gdanskas (Lithuanian)*, Gydanysg (Welsh)*, Gdansk - גדנסק (Hebrew)*, Gdan’sk - Гданьск (Russian)*, Gdanjsk - Гдањск (Serbian*, Macedonian*), Gdansk - Γδανσκ (Greek)* |
| Gdynia |
Gdiņa (Latvian)*, Gdingen (former Dutch*, German*), Gdynia (Polish*, Finnish*, Romanian*), Gdiniô (Kashubian*, Pomeranian), Gdyně (Czech)*, Gdynė (Lithuanian)*, Gotenhafen (German 1939-1945)*, Gdynia - Γδύνια (Greek)* |
| Geneva |
Rineiwa - 日內瓦 (Chinese) *, Cenevre (Turkish)*, Djeneve (Walloon)*, Genebra (Portuguese)*, Geneva (Romanian)*, Geneve (Afrikaans*, Armenian, Dutch*, Finnish*, Swedish*), Genève (French)*, Genevra (Romansh)*, Genewa (Polish)*, Genf (Estonian*, German*,Icelandic*, Hungarian*), An Ghinéiv (Irish)*, Ginebra (Catalan*, Spanish*), Ginevra (Italian) *, Cenevrə (Azeri)*, Jenewa (Indonesian)*, Jinīf - جنيف (Arabic), Yenévi - Γενεύη (Greek)*, Ženeva (Bulgarian*, Croatian*, Czech*, Lithuanian*, Russian*, Serbian*, Slovak*, Slovene*, Ukrainian*), Ženēva (Latvian) *, Zjenaef (Limburgian)*, Zhenevë (Albanian)*, Jeneva - ז'נבה (Hebrew)* |
| Genoa |
Cenova (Turkish)*, Đenova (Serbian)*, Dženova (Latvian)*, Gênes (French)*, Gènova (Catalan)*, Genova (Finnish*, Hungarian*, Italian*, Romanian*, Slovene*), Génova* - Gênova* (Portuguese), Ġenova (Maltese), Génova (Spanish)*, Genúa (Icelandic*, Genua (Dutch*, German*, Latin*, Polish*, Swedish*), Genuja (Lithuanian)*, Gjenova (Albanian)*, Janov (Czech*, Slovak*), Yénova - Γένοβα*- Γένουα* (Greek), Zena (Ligurian)* |
| Ghent |
Gand (French*, Portuguese*), Gandawa (Polish)*, Gante (Spanish)*, Gaunt (older English) *, Gent (Afrikaans*, Indonesian*, Dutch*, Estonian*, Finnish*, German*, Romanian*, Swedish*), Ģente (Latvian)*, Guanto (old Italian)*, Gande - Γάνδη (Greek)*, Gent - Гент (Belarusian*, Russian*), Gandava (Latin)* [1], Chent - חנט (Hebrew)* |
| Gibraltar |
直布羅陀 (Chinese)*,Cebelitarık (Turkish)*, Ġibiltá (Maltese), Gibilterra (Italian)*, Gibraltar (Dutch*, Finnish*, Portuguese*, Romanian*, Spanish*, Polish *), Cəbəllütarix (Azeri)*, Gibraltaras (Lithuanian)*, Gibraltārs (Latvian)*, Jabal-Tarīq (Arabic), Gibraltar - Γιβραλτάρ΄ (Greek)*, Gibraltar - גיברלטר (Hebrew)* |
| Girona |
Gerona (Dutch*, German*, Romanian*, Spanish*), Gérone (French)*, Gerunda (Latin)*, Girona (Catalan*, Finnish*, Portuguese*) |
| Gjirokastër |
Gjirokastër* - Gjirokastra* (Albanian), Argirocastro (Italian)*, Aryirókastro - Αργυρόκαστρο (Greek)*, Ergiri (Turkish)* |
| Glarus |
Glaris (French)*, Glarona (Italian)*, Glaruna (Romansh)*, Glarus (Dutch*, German*) |
| Glastonbury |
Glaistimbir* - Glaistimbir na nGael* - Gloineistir* (Irish) |
| Glasgow |
Glaschú (Irish)*, Glaschu (Scots Gaelic)*, Glāzgova (Latvian)*, Glaskove - Γλασκώβη (Greek)*, Glazgo - גלזגו (Hebrew)* |
| Gliwice |
Gleiwitz (German)*, Gliwice (Polish)*, |
| Gloucester |
Caerloyw (Welsh)*, Glocester (French alternate), Gloucester (Dutch, French, German), Glevum (Latin)*, 告羅士打 (Chinese)*, |
| Głogów |
Głogów (Polish)*, Glogau (German)*, Glogov (Serbian)*, Glogova (Lithuanian)*, Glogovia (Latin)*, Hlohov (Czech)* |
| Glücksburg |
Glücksburg (German)*, Lyksborg (Danish)* |
| Gmünd |
Cmunt (Czech)*, Gmünd (Dutch, French, German)* |
| Gorizia |
Gorica (Croatian*, Bosnian*, Romanian*, Slovene*, Serbian*), Gorizia (Finnish*, French*, Italian*), Görz (German)*, Gurize (Friulian)* |
| Görlitz |
Görlitz (Afrikaans*, Dutch*, Finnish*, German*, Romanian*), Zgorzelec (Polish)*, Zhořelec (Czech)*, Zhorjelc (Upper Sorbian) |
| Gorzów Wielkopolski |
Gorzów Wielkopolski (Polish)*, Landsberg an der Warthe (German)* |
| Gothenburg |
Gautaborg (Icelandic)*, Gēteborga (Latvian)*, Gioteburgas (Lithuanian)*, Göteborg (Dutch*, Estonian*, Finnish*, French*, German*, Polish*, Romanian*, Swedish*), Gøteborg (Norwegian)*, Göteburg (Turkish)*, Gotemburgo (Portuguese*, Spanish*), Gotenburg (Afrikaans*, Dutch alternate*, former German*, former Polish*), Gothembourg (former French)*, Gutenburgu (Maltese), |
| Göttingen |
Getinggen - 哥廷根 (Chinese) *, Getynga (Polish)*, Göttingen (Dutch*, German*, Turkish*), Getynky (Czech)*, Gœttingue (French)*, Gotinga (Spanish*, Portuguese*), Gottinga (Italian)*, Göttinga (medieval Hungarian)*, Gottinge - Γοττίγγη (Greek - καθαρεύουσα)* |
| Gramzow |
Gramzow (German)*, Grębowo (Polish)*, |
| Granada |
al-Ġarnāda - غرناطة (Arabic)*, Elibyrge - Ἐλιβύργη (Ancient Greek)*, Granada (Catalan*, Dutch*, Interlingua, Italian*, Latvian*, Lithuanian*, Maltese, Portuguese*, Romanian*, Spanish*), Grenade (French)*, Granada - Γρανάδα΄ (Greek)*, Grenada (Polish)*, Illiberis* or Illiberi Liberini* (Latin) |
| Graz |
Grác (Serbian)*, Grāca (Latvian)*, Gradec (Slovene)*, Gratz (French)*, Graz (Dutch*, German*, Hungarian*, Romanian*, Turkish*), Grodziec (Polish)*, Štýrský Hradec (Czech)* |
| Greifswald |
Greifswald (Afrikaans*, Dutch*, French*, German*), Gryfia (Polish*, Pommeranian) |
| Grenoble |
Cularo (old Latin)*, Grasanòbol (Occitan)*, Gratianopolis (Latin)*, Grenoble (Dutch*, French*, Italian*, Romanian*) |
| Groningen |
Greuninge (Limburgian)*, Grins (Frisian)*, Groninga (Italian*, Portuguese*, Spanish*), Groningen (Afrikaans*, Dutch*, German*, Romanian *), Groningue (French)*, Grönnen - Grunnen - Grunn'n (Gronings), Groot Loug or Stad (local nicknames) |
| Grozny |
Caharkala* or Caharkale* (alternative Turkish names), Sölƶ-Ġala - Соьлж-ГIала (Chechen) Djovkhar Ghaala (alternative Chechen (separatist)), Džochargala (alternative Lithuanian name)*, Groznas (Lithuanian)*, Groznîi (Romanian)*, Groznija (Latvian)*, Groznyj - Грозный (Russian)*, Grozni (Turkish)*, Grozny (Polish)* |
| Grudziądz |
Graudenz (German)*, Grudziądz (Polish)*, |
| Günzburg |
Günzburg (German)*, Gunzburgo (Spanish)* |
| Gusev |
Gąbin (Polish)*, Gumbinė (Lithuanian)*, Gumbinnen (German)*, Gusev - Гусев (Russian)* |
| Győr |
Győr (Hungarian*), Raab (German)*, Ráb (Czech)* |
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Haderslev |
Hadersleben (German)*, Haderslev (Danish)* |
| Haguenau |
Hagenau (German)*, Haguenau (French)* |
| Halden |
Fredrikshald (former name)* |
| Hamburg |
Hanbao - 漢堡 (Chinese)*, Amburgo (Italian)*, Amvúrgho - Αμβούργο (Greek)*, Gamburg - Гамбург (Russian)*, Hamborg (Danish*, Low Saxon*), Hambourg (French)*, Hambūrġ (Arabic), Hamburg (Afrikaans*, Catalan*, Croatian*, Estonian*, Finnish*, German*, Hungarian*, Polish*, Romanian*, Serbian*, Slovene*, Swedish*, Turkish*), Hamburga (Latvian)*, Hamburgas (Lithuanian)*, Hamburgo (Portuguese*, Spanish*), Ħamburgu (Maltese), Hamburk (Czech)*, Hampuri (Finnish)*, Hanburugu - ハンブルグ (Japanese)*, Hammonia (modern Latin name)*, Hammaburgum (traditional Latin name)* |
| Hämeenlinna |
Hämeenlinna (Estonian*, Finnish*), Tavastehus (Swedish)* |
| Hamelin |
Hamelen (Dutch)*, Hamelin (French*, Italian*, Portuguese*, Romanian*), Hamelín (Spanish) *, Hameln (German*, Finnish*) |
| Hanau |
Hanau (German*, Romanian*), Hanava (Czech)* |
| Hanover |
Hannuowei - 漢諾威 (Chinese)*, Annóvero - Αννόβερο (Greek)*, Ganover - Гановер (Russian)*, Hannover (Azeri*, Dutch*, Estonian*, Finnish*, German*, Italian*, Swedish*, Turkish*)), Hannovere (Latvian) *, Hanôver (Portuguese)*, Hanóver (Spanish)*, Hanovera (Latvian)*, Hanoveris (Lithuanian) *, Hanovra (Romanian) *, Hanovre (French) *, Hanower (Polish)*, Hanôve (Walloon)* |
| Hasselt |
Hasselt (Dutch*, French*, German*, Limburgian*, Romanian*), Hasse* / Hasque* / Hassèl* (Walloon) |
| Heerlen |
Heerlen (Dutch*, French, German*), Coriovallum (Latin)*, Heële (Limburgian)* |
| Heligoland |
Helgoland (Dutch, French, German*, Polish*, Romanian*, Turkish*), Heligoland (French alterate), Heligolândia (Portuguese)*, Dät Luun (North Frisian)* |
| Helsingborg |
Helsingborg (Danish*, Dutch, Finnish*, French, German*, Swedish*), Helsingburg (former German)* |
| Helsinki |
Chielsynki - Хельсынкі (Belarusian)*, Elsenfors (Dutch [rare])*, Elsínki - Ελσίνκι (Greek)*, Hè ěr xīn jī - 赫尔辛基 (Mandarin Chinese)*, Heilsincí (Irish)*, Helsingfors (Danish*, Norwegian*, Swedish*, former German*), Helsingforsia (former Latin name)*, Helsingi (Estonian)*, Helsingia (Latin)*, Helsingk'i - 헬싱키 (Korean)*, Hel'sinki - Хельсинки (Russian*, Ukrainian*), Helsinki (Azeri*, Finnish*, French*, German*, Italian*, Latvian*, Polish*, Romanian*, Serbian*, Slovene*, Spanish*, Turkish*), Ħelsinki (Maltese), Helsinkis (Lithuanian)*, Helsinky (Czech)*, Helsinque (Brazilian Portuguese)*, Helsínquia (Portuguese)*, Helsset (North Sami), Helzinki - Хелзинки (Bulgarian)*, Herushinki - ヘルシンキ (Japanese)*, Hilsīnkī - هلسنكي (Arabic)*, Stadi and Hesa (Local slang) |
| Heraklion |
Càndia (Catalan)*, Candia (Italian*, Spanish*), Cândia* / Héraclion * (Portuguese), Candie (old French)*, Heraklion (German*, Romanian*), Héraklion (French)*, Iraklio - Ηράκλειο (Greek)*, Iraklion (Finnish*, Polish*, Serbian*, Romanian*), Kandiye (Turkish)* |
| 's-Hertogenbosch |
Bois-le-Duc (French)*, Bolduque (Spanish)*, Boscoducale (former Italian)*, Den Bos (Frisian)*, Den Bosch and 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch)*, Oeteldonk (colloquial Dutch*, during Carnaval), Herzogenbusch (German)*, De Bos* and De Bosj* (Limburgian) |
| Holyhead |
Caergybi (Welsh)* |
| Homyel' |
Homiel - Гомель (Belarusian)*, Gomel' - Гомель (Russian)*, Homl - האָמל (Yiddish)*, Homel (German*, Polish*), Homiel (Romanian)* |
| Hoyerswerda |
Hoyerswerda (German)*, Wojerecy (Sorbian) |
| Hrodna |
Hrodna - Гродна (Belarusian), Harodnia - Гародня (archaic Belarusian)*, Gardinas (Lithuanian)*, Grodņa (Latvian) *, Grodno (Finnish*, Polish*, Romanian*), Grodno - Гродно ( Russian)*, Grodne - גראָדנע (Yiddish)*, Hrodna (German) *, Hrodno - Гродно (Ukrainian)* |
| Hum |
Cholm (German)*, Colmo (Italian)*, Hum (Croatian*, Romanian*, Serbian) |
| Huy |
Huy (French*, German*, Hoei (Dutch)*, Hu (Walloon)* |
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