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The period of Muhammad after the conquest of Mecca started with the Conquest of Mecca in 630 and ended with his death in 632.

Contents 1 History 1.1 630 1.1.1 Conquest of Mecca 1.1.2 Battle of Hunayn 1.1.3 Battle of Autas 1.1.4 Siege of Ta'if 1.1.5 9 AH 1.2 631 1.2.1 Battle of Tabouk 1.2.2 Ghassanids 1.2.3 Thaqif adopts Islam 1.3 632 1.3.1 The Farewell Pilgrimage 1.3.2 Ghadir Khumm 1.3.3 Thursday, June 4 — Muhammad's will 1.3.4 Saturday , June 6 — Usama's dispatchment 1.3.5 Monday, June 8 — death 2 Aftermath 3 See also 4 References

This period was preceded by the period of Muhammad in Medina.

Mecca was conquered by the Muslims in the year 630 A.D. In 628 the Meccan tribe of Quraish and the Muslim community in Medina signed a truce called the Treaty of Hudaybiyya. Despite improved relations between Mecca and Medina after the signing of the Treaty of Hudaybiyya, a 10 year peace was to be broken by Quraish who, with their allies, the tribe of Bakr, attacked the tribe of Khuza'ah who were allies of the Muslims (however, it is possible that the Meccans were unaward of this). However, the treaty was deemed broken. Abu Sufyan, the leader of the Quraish in Mecca, was aware that the balances were now tilted in Muhammad's favour, went to Medina to restore the treaty but Muhammad refused to accommodate him and Abu Sufyan returned to Mecca empty handed. An approximately 10,000 strong Muslim army marched towards Mecca which soon surrendered peacefully. Muhammad acted generously to the Meccans, demanding only that the pagan idols around the Kaaba be destroyed. Abu Sufyan converted to Islam and Muhammad announced

"Who enters the house of Abu Sufyan will be safe, who lays down arms will be safe, who locks his door will be safe".

• Hadith of Mubahela ^[1]

This happened in 631 or 632.

Muhammad became ill and his health took a serious turn on a Thursday. He summoned his companions and announced that he wanted to write a will, he asked for writing materials to write a statement that would "prevent the Muslim nation from going astray for ever". The first person to reply was Umar, answering that there was no need for any will, arguing that Muhammad was ill and that Umar had the Qur'an which was sufficient for him.

Muhammad had earlier sent an expedition against the Byzantine Empire (Roman) that resulted in what was known as the Battle of Mut'ah. The leader of that expedition was the dark colored Zayd ibn Haritha, Muhammad's former adopted son. Zayd died during that expedition.

The Saturday before Muhammad died, Umar, Abu Bakr, Uthman and others were sent away with a military detachment heading against the Byzantine forces in Syria, under the command of an eighteen year old man - Usama ibn Zayd, the son of Zayd ibn Haritha.

Ali and many others from the Banu Hashim where ordered to stay in Medina. Umar protested to this desition, causing Muhammad to forbid them to abandon Zaid's detachment. They left, but camped outside Medina and returned the next day.

He died on Monday, June 8.

This period was followed by the period of the Succession to Muhammad.

• History of Islam
• Timeline of Islamic history

1. ^ http://www.al-islam.org/kaaba14/2.htm