Matsuyama, Ehime

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See Matsuyama (disambiguation) for other places having a name Matsuyama.

**Matsuyama**
**松山市**
Matsuyama's location in Ehime, Japan.
Location
Country	Japan
Region	Shikoku
Prefecture	Ehime
Physical characteristics
Area	428.86 km² (165.6 sq mi)
Population (as of January 1, 2005)
Total	512,982
Density	1,196.15/km² (3,098/sq mi)
Location	33°50′N, 132°46′E
Symbols
Flower	Camellia
Symbol of Matsuyama
Matsuyama Government Office
Mayor	Tokihiro Nakamura
Address	〒790-8571 4-7-2 Nibanchō, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime-ken
Official website: City of Matsuyama

Matsuyama (松山市, Matsuyama-shi^?) is the capital city of Ehime Prefecture on the Shikoku island of Japan. It is located on the northeastern portion of the Dōgo Plain. Its name means "pine tree mountain." The city was founded on December 15, 1889.

A panoramic view of the city from Matsuyama Castle

The city is known for hot springs (onsen) and is home to Dōgo Onsen, the oldest hot spring bath house in Japan. A second favorite tourist spot is Matsuyama Castle. Eight of the eighty-eight temples in the Shikoku Pilgrimage are in Matsuyama.

Matsuyama is one of the Japanese cities that did not abolish their street car systems (Iyo Railway).

The famed novel Botchan by Natsume Sōseki is set in Matsuyama. As a result, there are numerous sites and locales named after the main character, including Botchan Stadium, the Botchan Densha (an antique train that runs on the streetcar route), and Botchan dango.

The haiku poet Masaoka Shiki lived in Matsuyama. His house, now known as the Shiki-do, and a museum, the Shiki Kinenkan, are popular attractions, and the centerpieces of the city's claim as a center of the international haiku movement. The Matsuyama Declaration of 1999 proposed the formation of International Haiku Research Center, and the first Masaoka Shiki International Haiku Awards were given in 2000. Recipients have included Yves Bonnefoy (2000), Cor Van Den Heuvel (2002) and Gary Snyder (2004).

Matsuyama Airport has regular flights to Tokyo, Osaka, and other major Japanese cities and selected international destinations, including both Shanghai and Seoul. There is regular ferry service to Hiroshima and regular night ferries to Kobe, Kokura Kita-ku, Kitakyushu, and several other destinations.

Matsuyama is home to several universities, including Ehime University, which is part of the Japanese national university system, and Matsuyama University, a private university.

On January 1, 2005, the city of Hōjō and the town of Nakajima (from the former Onsen District) merged with Matsuyama. As of this merge, the city has an estimated population of 512,982 and a density of 1196 persons per km². The total (merged) area is 428.86 km².

Famous products of Matsuyama include tarts. In the 17th century, the lord of Matsuyama castle Sadayuki Matsudaira (松平定行) introduced the process of tart-making, originally brought to Japan by the Portuguese, to Matsuyama. At first it was a Castella with jam. According to legend Sadayuki made some changes, such as adding red bean paste. Now there are many kinds and makers of tarts in Matsuyama; some add yuzu paste or chestnut to the red bean paste. In addition to tarts, botchan dango is also a famous product of Matsuyama. Botchan dango was named after the famous novel "Botchan" by Natsume Sōseki. It consists of three bean paste beads of three flavors, matcha, egg, and red bean paste. Within the paste is contained mochi.

Matsuyama has three sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI):