List of European tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
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Parent article: List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
These are some notable tornadoes, tornado outbreaks, and tornado outbreak sequences that have occurred in Europe.
| Event | Date | Area | Tornadoes | Casualties | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rosdalla, Ireland Tornado | April 30, 1054 | Ireland | - | - | Earliest known European tornado |
| London Tornado of 1091 | October 23, 1091 | England | - | - | Earliest known and perhaps strongest British tornado |
| Vyšehrad Tornado of 1119 | July 30, 1119 | Vyšehrad, Czechia | - | - | Earliest known and perhaps strongest Czech tornado which destroyed palace of Czech duke at Vyšehrad now in Prague |
| Czech Tornado of 1144 | May 14, 1144 | Czechia | 2 | - | Two tornadoes near military camp of duke Oto |
| Prague Tornado of 1255 | April 8, 1255 | Prague, Czechia | - | - | Tornado at Prague Castle |
| Valetta, Malta Tornado | September 23, 1551 (or 1556) | Malta | - | ≈600 fatalities | Perhaps deadliest European tornado |
| Neznašov, Czech Tornado | July 6, 1585 | Czechia | - | - | - |
| Augsburg, Germany Tornado | July 2, 1587 | Germany | - | - | |
| La Rochelle - Paris, France Tornadoes | September 1669 | France | - | - | Longest track tornado family in Europe |
| Utrecht, Netherlands Tornado | August 1, 1674 | Utrecht, Netherlands | - | - | Destroyed part of the Dom Tower of Utrecht. |
| Woldegk, Germany Tornado | June 29, 1764 | Germany | - | - | |
| Hainichen, Germany Tornado | April 23, 1800 | Germany | - | - | |
| Fernhill Heath - Hampshire, England Tornadoes | September 22, 1810 | England | - | - | Widest known and perhaps strongest British tornadoes |
| Southsea, UK Tornado | December 14, 1810 | England | - | - | Perhaps strongest British tornado |
| Seine - Maritime, France Tornado | August 19, 1845 | France | - | 70-200 fatalities | Perhaps strongest European tornado |
| Sicily, Italy Tornadoes | December 1851 | Sicily, Italy | 2 | ≈500 fatalities | Among deadliest European tornadoes |
| Brno, Czech Tornado | October 13, 1870 | Brno, Moravia | - | - | Detailed scientific description by Gregor Mendel |
| Vienna, Austria Tornado | June 29, 1873 | Vienna, Austria | - | Many fatalities | |
| Tay Estuary, Scotland Tornado | December 28, 1879 | Scotland | - | 79 fatalities | Waterspout took out central section of Tay Bridge killing all on board of a passing train |
| Javaugues, France Tornado | June 3, 1902 | France | - | 1 fatality | Widest known European tornado |
| Moscow, Russia Tornadoes | June 29, 1904 | Moscow, Russia | ≥2 | ≥30 fatalities | |
| Barry - Chester, U.K. Tornado | October 27, 1913 | Wales - England | - | Several fatalities | Perhaps deadliest British tornadic supercell |
| Wiener Neustadt, Austria Tornado | July 10, 1916 | Wiener Neustadt, Austria | - | 32 fatalities, 300+ injured | Deadliest and strongest known Austrian supercell tornado. (F3/T7) |
| Borculo, Netherlands Tornado | August 10, 1925 | Gelderland, Netherlands | - | 3 fatalities | |
| Lichtenvoorde - Neede - Tubbergen, Netherlands Tornado | June 1, 1927 | Netherlands - Germany | - | 10 fatalities | |
| Po - Udine, Italy Tornado | July 24, 1930 | Italy | - | ≥23 fatalities | Perhaps strongest European tornado struck tornadicly active area of Italy |
| Loray, Doubs Tornado | June 9, 1935 | Doubs, France | - | - | |
| Buckinghamshire - Cambridgeshire, England Tornadoes | May 21, 1950 | UK | - | - | Longest known British tornado/tornado family |
| Veluwe, Gelderland - Haulerwijk, Friesland, Netherlands Tornadoes | August 23, 1950 | Gelderland - Friesland, Netherlands | - | - | |
| Castelo Branco, Portugal Tornado | November 6, 1954 | Portugal | - | 4 fatalities, 200 injuries | |
| Rawa Mazowiecka, Poland Tornado | May 15, 1958 | Poland | - | 3 fatalities, >100 injuries | |
| Parma, Italy Tornado | July 4, 1965 | Italy | ≥1 | 25 fatalities, 160 injuries | |
| Western Europe Tornado Outbreaks of 1967 | June 24 - 25, 1967 | France - Netherlands - Belgium | - | ≥15 fatalities | Same storm system produced two destructive outbreaks with fatalities in three countries |
| German Black Forest Tornado | July 10, 1968 | Germany | - | 3 fatalities | |
| Nicosia, Cyprus Tornadoes | December 22, 1969 | Cyprus | Several | 4 fatalities | Waterspouts (probably tornadic) came ashore |
| Venice, Italy Tornado Outbreak | September 11, 1970 | Italy | Several | 47 fatalities | |
| Ameland Island, Netherlands Tornado | August 11, 1972 | Friesland, Netherlands | - | 7 fatalities, 90 injuries | |
| Moerdijk, Netherlands Tornado | October 6, 1981 | North Brabant, Netherlands | - | 17 fatalities | NLM Cityhopper Flight 431 encountered tornado shortly after takeoff and crashed |
| Gwynedd - Humberside - Essex Tornado Outbreak | November 21, 1981 | UK | 105 | 0 fatalities | Largest known European outbreak though predominately weak tornadoes |
| Ivanova - Yaroslav, Russia Tornado Outbreak | June 9, 1984 | Western Russia | - | >400 fatalities | |
| Ameland Island, Netherlands Tornado | August 17, 1992 | Friesland, Netherlands | - | 1 fatality | |
| Birmingham, UK Tornado | July 28, 2005 | Birmingham, England | - | - | |
| Hamburg, Germany Tornado Outbreak | March 27, 2006 | Germany | 8 | 2 fatalities | |
| Central Europe Tornado Outbreak | May 20, 2006 | Germany | ≥12 | Some Injuries | |
| August 2006 UK Tornado Outbreaks | August 16 - 18, 2006 | United Kingdom | - | 8 Injuries | At least 4 tornadoes |
| August 2006 Mainland Europe Outbreak | August 21, 2006 | Western Europe | - | 38 Injuries | At least 7 confirmed tornadoes, a further 4 unconfirmed others |
| London Tornado of 2006 | December 07, 2006 | London, United Kingdom | - | 6 injuries |
- List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
- List of Asian tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
- Tornado records
- Tornado and Storm Research Organisation (TORRO)
- Grazulis, Thomas P. (1993). Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991, A Chronology and Analysis of Events. St. Johnsbury, VT: The Tornado Project of Environmental Films. ISBN 1-879362-03-1
- --- (2001). The Tornado: Nature's Ultimate Windstorm. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-3258-2
- Europe listing by The Tornado Project
- European Tornado Extremes (TORRO)
- European Severe Storms Laboratory (ESSL)
- European Storm Forecast Experiment (ESTOFEX)
- Skywarn Europe
- Center of Competence for Severe Local Storms in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (TorDACH)
- Tornadoes at the Czechia and Slovakia (Czech version) (Czech Hydrometeorological Institute)
- Tornadoes in Italy *in Italian
- Tornadoliste Deutschland *in German
- Austrian tornadoes *in German
- German Weather Chronicle
- European Climatology on Severe Storms (University of the Balearic Islands)