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Linear cryptanalysis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In cryptography, linear cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis based on finding affine approximations to the action of a cipher. Attacks have been developed for block ciphers and stream ciphers. Linear cryptanalysis is one of the two most widely used attacks on block ciphers; the other being differential cryptanalysis.
The discovery is attributed to Mitsuru Matsui, who first applied the technique to the FEAL cipher (Matsui and Yamagishi, 1992). Subsequently, Matsui published an attack on the Data Encryption Standard (DES), eventually leading to the first experimental cryptanalysis of the cipher reported in the open community (Matsui, 1993; 1994). The attack on DES is not generally practical, requiring 243 known plaintexts.
A variety of refinements to the attack have been suggested, including using multiple linear approximations or incorporating non-linear expressions. Evidence of security against linear cryptanalysis is usually expected of new cipher designs.
- Matsui, M. and Yamagishi, A. "A new method for known plaintext attack of FEAL cipher". Advances in Cryptology - EUROCRYPT 1992.
- Matsui, M. "Linear cryptanalysis method for DES cipher" (PDF). Advances in Cryptology - EUROCRYPT 1993. Retrieved on 2007-02-22.
- Matsui, M. "The first experimental cryptanalysis of the data encryption standard". Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 1994.
- A tutorial on linear (and differential) cryptanalysis of block ciphers
- Linear cryptanalysis: a literature survey
- Academic discussion of linear cryptanalysis