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Leszek Balcerowicz (pronounced: ['lεʃεk balʦε'rɔviʧ]) (born January 19, 1947) is an economist from Poland and former chairman of the National Bank of Poland. He is famous for implementing the Polish economic transformation program, commonly known as shock therapy in the 1990s.

Contents 1 Biography 2 Balcerowicz Plan 3 Honorary Doctorates 4 External links

In 1970 he graduated with distinction from the Foreign Trade faculty of the Central School of Planning and Statistics in Warsaw (now the Warsaw School of Economics). Balcerowicz received his doctorate from the Warsaw School of Economics in 1975 and an MBA from St. John's University in New York, in 1974.

He was a member of the Polish communist party (Polish United Workers' Party) from 1969 until the declaration of martial law in Poland, in 1981. In the late 1970s he participated in an economic-advisory team associated with the prime minister of People's Republic of Poland. Later he became an economics expert in the independent trade union Solidarity, and was forced to leave the communist party.

From September 1989 to August 1991 and also between October 31, 1997 and June 8, 2000 he held the positions of Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister of Poland. Between 1995 and 2000 he was the chairman of Freedom Union, then a centrist political party. On December 22, 2000 he became the Chairman of the National Bank of Poland. He was also a columnist for Wprost, a popular Polish news magazine,.

On November 11, 2005, the President of Poland, Aleksander Kwaśniewski, awarded L. Balcerowicz with the country's highest decoration, the Order of the White Eagle, for his contribution to Poland's economic transformation.

Balcerowicz is a member of the Commission on Legal Empowerment of the Poor, an independent initiative hosted by the UNDP and the first global initiative to focus specificially on the link between exclusion, poverty and the law.

The Balcerowicz Plan was a series of reforms, which sought to end hyperinflation and balance the national budget. The prices of most consumer goods were freed and caps for annual increases established in state-sector employees' wages. Poland's currency, the Złoty was made convertible within the country's borders. This resulted in a substantial increase in prices and forced state-owned companies to become competitive. This amounted to a real shock to the Polish economy.

The reforms were very controversial and made Balcerowicz an object of harsh criticism. On the other hand most economists agree that without this shock therapy, which sacrificed short-term gains for long-term growth, modern Poland would be a much poorer country. For example, Poland's annual growth rate between 1989 and 2000 was one of the highest of all post-Communist economies.

• Poznań University of Economics, Poland
• University of Aix-en-Provence, France
• University of Sussex, UK
• DePaul University, Chicago, USA
• University of Szczecin, Poland
• Staffordshire University, UK
• Mikołaj Kopernik University of Toruń, Poland
• Dundee University in Scotland, UK
• Economic University in Bratislava, Slovakia
• Viadrina European University in Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
• University of the Pacific in Lima, Peru
• "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Romania
• Georg Mercator University in Duisburg, Germany
• The Karol Adamiecki University of Economics, Katowice (Poland)

• (Polish) Leszek Balcerowicz's Official Website In Polish
• (English) Interview with L. Balcerowicz by PBS 11/12/2000
• (English) Business Week Stars of Europe: Agenda Setters

edit	Finance Ministers of Poland
3rd Republic of Poland (since 1989)	Leszek Balcerowicz | Karol Lutkowski | Andrzej Olechowski | Jerzy Osiatyński | Marek Borowski | Grzegorz Kołodko | Marek Belka | Leszek Balcerowicz | Jaroslaw Bauc | Halina Wasilewska-Trenkner | Marek Belka | Grzegorz Kołodko | Andrzej Raczko | Mirosław Gronicki | Teresa Lubińska | Zyta Gilowska | Paweł Wojciechowski | Stanisław Kluza | Zyta Gilowska

v • d • e Chairmen of the Freedom Union (Poland)
Tadeusz Mazowiecki | Leszek Balcerowicz | Bronisław Geremek | Władysław Frasyniuk