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Kumyk language
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Kumyk Кумык |
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|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Russia | |
| Region: | Dagestan | |
| Total speakers: | 282,000 | |
| Language family: | Altaic Turkic Kypchak Kypchak-Cuman Kumyk |
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| Writing system: | Cyrillic alphabet | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | kum | |
| ISO 639-3: | kum | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-based pronunciation key. | ||
Kumyk (also Qumuq, Kumuk, Kumuklar, and Kumyki) (Кумык) is a Turkic language, spoken by about 200 thousand speakers (the Kumyks) in the Dagestan republic of Russian Federation.
Yırçı Qazaq (born 1839) is usually considered to be a founder of Kumyk literature. Kumyk was written using Arabic script until 1928, Latin script was used in 1928-1938, and Cyrillic since then.
The first regular newspapers and magazines appeared in 1917-18. Currently, the newspaper Ёлдаш (Yoldash, Companion), the successor of the Soviet-era Ленин ёлу (Lenin yolu, Lenin's Path) prints around 5,000 copies 3 times a week.
It has been strongly influenced by Azeri and Dargwa, as well as by Russian during last century.
- Saodat Doniyorova and Toshtemirov Qahramonil. Parlons Koumyk. Paris: Harmattan, 2004. ISBN 2747564479.
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| Bulgar | Bulgar*† | Chuvash | Hunnic*† | Khazar† | ||
| Uyghur | Old Turkic† | Aini²| Chagatay† | Ili Turki | Lop | Uyghur | Uzbek | ||
| Kypchak | Baraba | Bashkir | Crimean Tatar¹ | Cuman† | Karachay-Balkar | Karaim | Karakalpak | Kazakh | Kipchak† | Krymchak | Kumyk | Nogai | Tatar | Urum¹ | Altay | Kyrgyz | ||
| Oghuz | Afshar | Azerbaijani | Crimean Tatar¹ | Gagauz | Khorasani Turkish | Ottoman Turkish† | Pecheneg† | Qashqai | Salar | Turkish | Turkmen | Urum¹ | ||
| Khalaj | Khalaj | ||
| Northeastern | Chulym | Dolgan | Fuyü Gïrgïs | Khakas | Northern Altay | Shor | Tofa | Tuvan | Western Yugur | Sakha / Yakut | ||
| Notes: ¹Listed in more than one group, ²Mixed language, *Disputed, †Extinct | |||
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