Keeper of the seals

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The Great Seal of France
The Great Seal of France

In the context of the Politics of France under the Republic, "Keeper of the Seals" (Garde des Sceaux) is a title held by the Minister of Justice. Formerly, as Keeper of the Seals of France, this title belonged to the Chancellor, the ancien régime counterpart of the minister of justice. The title is nowadays often used interchangeably with "Minister of Justice of France".

The Minister of Justice guards the Great Seal of France, dating from 1848, in his office, as well as the stamping press. The Seal was used in 1958 to seal the Constitution of France and has since been used to seal certain constitutional amendments.

In Italy, the Minister of Justice also assumes the duties of Guardasigilli (Keeper of the Seals).

As Guardasigilli, the Minister of Justice countersigns all laws and decrees signed by the president and the decrees issued by other ministries. The Minister of Justice is also the editor of the "Gazzetta Ufficiale" the official bulletin of the Italian republic[citation needed].

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