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Independence National Historical Park
IUCN Category III (Natural Monument)
Location	Pennsylvania, USA
Nearest city	Philadelphia, PA
Coordinates	39°56′55″N 75°9′1″W / 39.94861, -75.15028
Area	44.88 acres (20.88 federal) 0.18 km²
Established	July 4, 1956
Visitors	4,087,918 (in 2004)
Governing body	National Park Service

Independence National Historical Park preserves several sites associated with the American Revolution in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Administered by the National Park Service, the 45-acre park comprises much of the historic area of downtown (or "Center City") where Independence Hall, the Liberty Bell, the Independence Visitor Center, and the National Constitution Center are located, along with dozens of other historic buildings and educational centers.

Contents 1 Administrative history 2 Independence Mall 3 Other park sites 4 See also 5 External links 6 References

The national historical park was authorized on June 28, 1948, and established on July 4, 1956. On March 16, 1959, it incorporated the Old Philadelphia Customs House (Second Bank of the United States) which had been designated a national historic site on May 26, 1939. As with all historic areas administered by the National Park Service, the Independence was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. Independence Hall was designated a World Heritage Site on October 24, 1979.

Today, what is known as Independence Mall is a broad plaza that has evolved over time.^[1] The major parts of the Mall are:

• Independence Hall
• Independence Visitor Center
• Liberty Bell Center
• National Constitution Center

The Mall as it is today, gets its name from Independence Hall. In fact, it was created from a plan made by Ed Bacon that involved demolishing established neighborhoods to creat a large open space. ^[2] The INHP is centered upon this open area, bookended by the National Constitution Center on the South and Independence Hall on the north.

Features of Independence NHP include:

• Philadelphia Bourse ^[3]
• Bishop White House
• Carpenters' Hall
• Christ Church
• City Tavern
• Congress Hall
• Declaration House
• Deshler-Morris House
• Franklin Court
• Free Quaker Meeting House
• Great Essentials Exhibit
• Merchants' Exchange Building
• Mikveh Israel Cemetery
• New Hall Military Museum
• Old City Hall
• Philosophical Hall
• Second Bank of the United States
• Todd House

Other NPS sites associated with Independence NHP but not located within its boundaries include:

• Benjamin Franklin National Memorial
• Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church National Historic Site
• Thaddeus Kosciuszko National Memorial
• Edgar Allan Poe National Historic Site

• The Constitutional Walking Tour

• National Park Service: Independence National Historical Park

• The National Parks: Index 2001–2003. Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior.

v • d • e National Historical Parks of the United States
Adams • Appomattox Court House • Boston • Cane River Creole • Cedar Creek and Belle Grove • Chaco Culture • Chesapeake and Ohio Canal • Colonial • Cumberland Gap • Dayton Aviation Heritage • George Rogers Clark • Harpers Ferry • Hopewell Culture • Independence • Jean Lafitte • Kalaupapa • Kaloko-Honokohau • Keweenaw • Klondike Gold Rush • Lewis and Clark • Lowell • Lyndon B. Johnson • Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller • Minute Man • Morristown • Natchez • New Bedford Whaling • New Orleans Jazz • Nez Perce • Pecos • Pu'uhonua o Honaunau • Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front • Salt River Bay • San Antonio Missions • San Francisco Maritime • San Juan Island • Saratoga • Sitka • Tumacácori • Valley Forge • War in the Pacific • Women's Rights
Full Alphabetical List

v • d • e Protected Areas of Pennsylvania
National Park Service	Allegheny Portage Railroad • Delaware Water Gap • Edgar Allan Poe • Eisenhower • Flight 93 • Fort Necessity • Friendship Hill • Gettysburg • Hopewell Furnace • Independence • Johnstown Flood • Middle Delaware • Steamtown • Thaddeus Kosciuszko • Upper Delaware • Valley Forge
National Forests	Allegheny
State Parks	Allegheny Islands • Archbald Pothole • Bald Eagle • Beltzville • Bendigo • Benjamin Rush • Big Pocono • Big Spring • Black Moshannon • Blue Knob • Boyd Big Tree • Buchanan's Birthplace • Bucktail • Caledonia • Canoe Creek • Chapman • Cherry Springs • Clear Creek • Codorus • Colonel Denning • Colton Point • Cook Forest • Cowans Gap • Delaware Canal • Denton Hill • Elk • Erie Bluffs • Evansburg • Fort Washington • Fowlers Hollow • Frances Slocum • French Creek • Gifford Pinchot • Gouldsboro • Greenwood Furnace • Hickory Run • Hillman • Hills Creek • Hyner Run • Hyner View • Jacobsburg • Jennings • Joseph E. Ibberson • Kettle Creek • Keystone • Kings Gap • Kinzua Bridge • Kooser • Lackawanna • Laurel Hill • Laurel Mountain • Laurel Ridge • Laurel Summit • Lehigh Gorge • Leonard Harrison • Linn Run • Little Buffalo • Little Pine • Locust Lake • Lyman Run • Marsh Creek • Maurice K. Goddard • McCalls Dam • McConnells Mill • Memorial Lake • Milton • Mont Alto • Moraine • Mt. Pisgah • Nescopeck • Neshaminy • Nockamixon • Norristown Farm • Nolde Forest • Ohiopyle • Oil Creek • Ole Bull • Parker Dam • Patterson • Penn-Roosevelt • Pine Grove Furnace • Poe Paddy • Poe Valley • Point • Presque Isle • Prince Gallitzin • Promised Land • Prompton • Prouty Place • Pymatuning • R. B. Winter • Raccoon Creek • Ralph Stover • Ravensburg • Reeds Gap • Ricketts Glen • Ridley Creek • Ryerson Station • S. B. Elliott • Salt Springs • Samuel S. Lewis • Sand Bridge • Shawnee • Shikellamy • Sinnemahoning • Sizerville • Susquehanna • Susquehannock • Swatara • Tobyhanna • Trough Creek • Tuscarora • Tyler • Upper Pine Bottom • Varden • Warriors Path • Whipple Dam • White Clay Creek • Worlds End • Yellow Creek
State Forests	Bald Eagle • Buchanan • Clear Creek • Cornplanter • Delaware • Elk • Forbes • Gallitzin • Lackawanna • Loyalsock • Michaux • Moshannon • Rothrock • Sproul • Susquehannock • Tiadaghton • Tioga • Tuscarora • Weiser • William Penn
Scenic Rivers	Bear Run • French Creek • Lehigh River • Le Tort Spring Run • Lick Run • Lower Brandywine • Octoraro Creek • Pine Creek • Schuylkill River • Stony Creek • Tucquan Creek • Tulpehocken Creek • Yellow Breeches Creek
Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources