Then I (Suyuti) saw in the book Fada'il al-Imamayn of Abu 'Abdullah ash-Shaybani that he said:

"Umar agreed with his Lord in twenty-one situations,"

and he mentioned these six (aforementioned).

He augmented as a seventh the story of 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy. I say: Its hadith is in the sound traditions from him ('Umar). He said, 'When 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy died, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace, was invited to perform the funeral prayer over him so he stood up for that. I rose up until I stood up close to his chest and said, "Messenger of Allah, is it over the enemy of Allah, Ibn Ubayy, who said one day such-and-such?" Then, by Allah, it wasn't very long until it was revealed, "And do not pray over one of them ever ..." (Qur'an 9: 84) to the conclusion of the ayah.'

8. 'They ask you about wine ...' (Qur'an 2: 219) to the end of the ayah.

9. 'O you who believe, do not approach the prayer ...' (Qur'an 4: 43) to the end of the ayah. I say that the two of them, along with the ayah from Al-Ma'idah, are one instance, and the three are in the preceding hadith.

10. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, increased in seeking forgiveness for a people, 'Umar said, 'It is equal to them.' Then Allah revealed, 'It is equal to them whether you seek forgiveness for them . . .' (Qur'an 63: 2) to the end of the ayah. This hadith has been narrated of Ibn 'Abbas.

11. When he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sought the advice of the Companions about the expedition to Badr, 'Umar was in favour of the expedition and so it was revealed, 'Just as your Lord brought you out of your house by the truth ...' (Qur'an 8: 5) to the end of the ayah.

12. When he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sought the advice of the Companions with respect to the story of the slander (of 'A'ishah) 'Umar said, 'Who married you to her, Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'Allah.' He said, 'Do you think that your Lord would conceal a defect of hers from you? Glory be to You, this is huge slander!' (Qur'an 24: 16). Then the revelation came down just like that.

13. His story in the fast when he made love to his wife after waking from sleep (before the pre-dawn meal)and that was forbidden in the beginning of Islam and so it was revealed, 'It is permitted to you on the night of the fast ...' (Qur'an 2: 187) to the end of the ayah.

14. His words, Exalted is He, 'Whoever is an enemy to Jibril ...' (Qur'an 2: 97) to the end of the ayah. I say that it has been narrated from many different narrators the best of which is from 'Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abi Layla that: A Jew met 'Umar and said, 'Jibril, whom your companion mentions, is an enemy to us.' So 'Umar said, 'Whoever is an enemy to Allah and His angels and His messengers and Jibril and Mika'il, then truly Allah is an enemy to the disbelievers.' So it was revealed on the tongue of 'Umar.

15. His words, Exalted is He, 'Then no! By your Lord, they do not believe ...' (Qur'an 4: 65) to the end of the ayah. I say that its story has been narrated from Abu'l-Aswad. He said: Two men brought a dispute to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace, and he gave judgement between them. The one who had judgement given against him said, 'Let us go to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab,' and so the two of them went to him. The man said, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave judgement in my favour against this man and he said, "Let us go to 'Umar."' 'Umar said, 'Is it like that?' He said, 'Yes.' So 'Umar said, 'Stay where you are until I come out to you.' Then he came out to them wrapping his sword in his garment and struck the one who had said, 'Let us go to 'Umar,' and killed him. The other returned and said, 'Messenger of Allah, 'Umar killed by Allah! my companion.' So he said, 'I wouldn't have thought that 'Umar would have ventured to kill a believer.' Then Allah revealed, 'Then no! By your Lord they do not believe ...' to the end of the ayah. He declared, there was to be no retaliation or compensation for the blood of the man and declared 'Umar free from any wrong in his killing. There is another text that supports this story which I have related in At-Tafsir al-Musnad.

16. Seeking permission to enter. That was because his servant entered his room when he was sleeping and he said, 'O Allah, forbid entrance.' Then the ayah of seeking permission to enter was revealed.

17. His saying about the Jews, 'They are a confounded people.'

18. His words, exalted is He, 'Many of the first ones and many of the latter ones.' (Qur'an 56: 39-40). I say that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah narrated its story and that it is in the Asbab an-Nuzul.

19. The lifting (abrogation) of the recitation of, 'The older man and the older woman when they commit adultery ....' to the end of the ayah (an ayah whose judgement remains valid although it is not in the mushaf and is not recited).

20. His words on the Day of Uhud when Abu Sufyan said, 'Is so-and-so among the people?" ('Umar said) "We will not answer him,' and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, agreed with him.

Ash-Shaybani said: We join to this that Ka'b al-Ahbar said, 'Woe to the king of the earth from the King of heaven.' Then 'Umar said, 'Except for whoever takes himself to account.' Ka'b said, 'By the One in Whose hand is my soul it is in the Tawrah. You have carried it on (the words of the verse) consecutively.' Then 'Umar fell prostrate.

Then I have seen in Al-Kamil of Ibn 'Adi from 'Umar that Bilal used to say, when he called the adhan, 'I witness that there is no god but Allah. Come to prayer.' Then 'Umar said to him, 'Say after it, "I witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah."' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Say as 'Umar said.' ^[1]