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Guanosine triphosphate
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Guanosine triphosphate | |
|---|---|
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| Other names | guanosine-5'-triphosphate, 9-β-D-ribofuranosylguanine-5'-triphosphate, 9-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-amino-6-oxo-purine-5'-triphosphate |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [] |
| MeSH | |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C10H16N5O14P3 |
| Molar mass | 523.18 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is a purine nucleotide. Its main role is as substrate for the synthesis of RNA during transcription.
It also has the role of a source of energy or an activator of substares in metabolic reactions, like that of ATP, but more specific. It is used as a source of energy for protein synthesis.
GTP is essential to signal transduction, particulary with G-proteins, where it is converted to GDP (guanosine diphosphate) through the action of GTPases.
GTP is involved in energy transfer within the cell. For instance, one GTP molecule is generated for every turn of the citric acid cycle. This is tantamount to the generation of one molecule of ATP since GTP is readily converted to ATP.
| Major Families of Biochemicals | ||
| Peptides | Amino acids | Nucleic acids | Carbohydrates | Lipids | Terpenes | Carotenoids | Tetrapyrroles | Enzyme cofactors | Steroids | Flavonoids | Alkaloids | Polyketides | Glycosides | ||
| Analogues of nucleic acids: | Types of Nucleic Acids | Analogues of nucleic acids: |
| Nucleobases: | Adenine | Thymine | Uracil | Guanine | Cytosine | Purine | Pyrimidine | |
|---|---|---|
| Nucleosides: | Adenosine | Uridine | Guanosine | Cytidine | Deoxyadenosine | Thymidine | Deoxyguanosine | Deoxycytidine | |
| Nucleotides: | AMP | UMP | GMP | CMP | ADP | UDP | GDP | CDP | ATP | UTP | GTP | CTP | cAMP | cADPR | cGMP | |
| Deoxynucleotides: | dAMP | TMP | dGMP | dCMP | dADP | TDP | dGDP | dCDP | dATP | TTP | dGTP | dCTP | |
| Ribonucleic acids: | RNA | mRNA | piRNA | tRNA | rRNA | ncRNA | sgRNA | shRNA | siRNA | snRNA | miRNA | snoRNA | LNA | |
| Deoxyribonucleic acids: | DNA | mtDNA | cDNA | plasmid | Cosmid | BAC | YAC | HAC | |
| Analogues of nucleic acids: | GNA | PNA | TNA | morpholino | |
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