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Niall Garbh O Domhnaill ("Rough Niall") anglicised as Niall Garve O'Donnell (1560 - 1626), was a high ranking member of the O'Donnell clan of Donegal in northern Ireland in the 16th century. He is best known for siding with the English against his kinsman Hugh Roe O'Donnell during the Nine Years War (Ireland) in the 1590s.

Niall Garbh was incensed at the elevation of his cousin Hugh Roe to the chieftainship in 1592, was further alienated when the latter deprived him of his castle of Lifford, and a bitter feud between the two O'Donnells was the result.

While Red Hugh O'Donnell was engaged in the Nine Years War (Ireland) against the English, Niall Garve exploited the political situation to his own advantage. Niall Garve made terms with the English government, to whom he rendered valuable service both against the O'Neills and against his cousin -enabling an English force to land at Derry under Henry Dowcra. But in 1601 he quarrelled with the lord deputy, who, though willing to establish Niall Garve in the lordship of Tyrconnel, would not permit him to enforce his supremacy over Cahir O'Doherty in Inishowen.

After the departure of Hugh Roe from Ireland in 1602, Niall Garve and Hugh Roe's brother Rory went to London, where the privy council endeavoured to arrange the family quarrel, but failed to satisfy Niall. Charged with complicity in Cahir O'Dogherty's rebellion in 1608, Niall Garve was sent to the Tower of London, where he remained till his death.

He married his cousin Nuala, sister of Hugh Roe and Rory O'Donnell. When Rory fled with Hugh O'Neill the Earl of Tyrone to Rome in 1607, Nuala, who had deserted her husband when he joined the English against her brother, accompanied him, taking with her her daughter Grania. She was the subject of an Irish poem, of which an English version was written by James Mangan from a prose translation by Eugene O'Curry.

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.