French client republic
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During Napoleon's occupation of Europe, many republics were established. The French Republic claimed to support the spread of the republican principles in Europe, but most of these republics, known as French client republics or Sister republics, were merely a way to control the occupied lands through a mix of direct French control and local government. The republics typically based their existence on the presence of the Napoleonic Army; on the other side, the French administration often ruled with the only purpose of draining as many resources (food, money and soldiers) as possible for the benefit of France. The institution of republican governments, promoting nationality over the rule of the royal families (Bourbons, Habsburgs) set the stage for the appearance of nationalist sentiment in all Europe, which significantly influenced the course of European history (see 1830 and Revolutions of 1848).
- Etruscan Republic (1799)
- Illyrian Republic 1809
- Lémanique Republic (1798), today Vaud canton
- Ligurian Republic (1796 - 1805), annexed to the French Empire
- Republic of Alba (1796 - 1801), annexed to the French Empire
- Cispadane Republic (1796 - 1797), formed the Cisalpine Republic
- Transpadane Republic (1797), formed the Cisalpine Republic
- Republic of Bergamo (1797)
- Republic of Brescia (1797)
- Republic of Boulon (1794-1795)
- Republic of Crema (1797)
- Republic of Pescara (1799)
- Bolognese Republic (1798)
- Cisalpine Republic (1797 - 1802) transformed into the Italian Republic
- Republic of Ancona (1797 - 1798), joined Roman Republic
- Roman Republic (1798 - 1800)
- Tiberina Republic (1798 - 1799) capital Perugia, joined Roman Republic
- Parthenopaean Republic (1799) capital Naples
- Subalpine Republic (1800 - 1802)
- Italian Republic (1802 - 1805)
- Republic of Rauracia (Raurakische Republik/Republique Rauracienne), revolutionary French republic in Basel 1792-1793
- Republic of Mainz revolutionary French republic in Rheinhessen and Pfalz (1793)
- Batavian Republic (1795 - 1806), Netherlands
- Cisrhenian Republic (1797), Germany
- Republic of Connaught (1798), accompanying Humbert's Irish expedition
- Helvetic Republic (1798 - 1803), Switzerland
- Republic of Danzig (1807-1815)
French client republics: Alba | Ancona | Batavia | Bergamo | Bologna | Boulon | Brescia | Cisalpinia | Cispadania | Cisrhenia | Connaught | Crema | Danzig | Etruria | Helvetia | Illyria | Italy | Lemania | Liguria | Mainz | Parthenopaea | Pescara | Rauracia | Rhodania | Rome | Subalpinia | Tiberina | Transpadania |
Other Napoleonic creations: Germany: Confederation of the Rhine | Westphalia | Berg | Frankfurt | Würzburg | Leyen |
Italy: Etruria | Italy | Naples | Netherlands: Holland | Poland: Warsaw