Federal republic

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Federal Republic of Germany and its sixteen Bundesländer (federal states)
The Federal Republic of Germany and its sixteen Bundesländer (federal states)

A federal republic is a federation of states with a republican form of government. A federation is composed of a number of self-governing states united by a federal government. In a federation, unlike in a unitary state, the self-governing status of autonomous regions is constitutionally entrenched and cannot be revoked by a unilateral decision of the central government. The states in a federation also maintain all political sovereignty that they do not yield to the federation. Usage of the term republic is inconsistent but, as a minimum, it means a state or federation of states that does not have a monarch as head of state.

Three states explicitly describe themselves as federal republics. These are the Federal Republic of Germany, the Federal Republic of Nigeria, and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. A close variant is the term federative republic, which appears in the full official title of Brazil. Not every federation is a republic; for example Canada, Australia, and Malaysia are each federal constitutional monarchies.

Contents

Federation Style Subdivisions Head of state
Argentina Republic Provinces of Argentina President of Argentina
Austria Republic States of Austria Federal President of Austria
Bosnia and Herzegovina (None) Divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brazil Federative Republic States of Brazil President of Brazil
Comoros Union Islands of Comoros, Municipalities of Comoros President of Comoros
Ethiopia Federal Democratic Republic Regions of Ethiopia President of Ethiopia
Germany Federal Republic States of Germany Federal President of Germany
India Republic States of India President of India
Madagascar Republic Provinces of Madagascar President of Madagascar
Mexico United Mexican States States of Mexico President of Mexico
FS Micronesia Federated States States of FS Micronesia President of FS Micronesia
Nigeria Federal Republic States of Nigeria President of Nigeria
Pakistan Republic Provinces of Pakistan President of Pakistan
Russia Federation Subjects of Russia President of Russia
Switzerland Confederation Cantons of Switzerland Swiss Federal Council
United States (None) States of the United States President of the United States
Venezuela Bolivarian Republic States of Venezuela President of Venezuela

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