Fard

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Fard (Arabic: الفرض) also farida (Arabic: الفريضة) is an Islamic term which denotes a religious duty. The word is also used in Persian, Urdu and Hindi (spelled farz) in the same meaning. A synonymous term is wajib.

Fard or its synonym wajib is one of the five types of Ahkam into which Fiqh categorizes acts of every Muslim. Hanafites however makes a distinction between Wajib and Fard, the latter being more obligatory than the former [1] [2]

The Fiqh distinguishes two sorts of duties:

  • Individual duty or fard al-ayn (Arabic: الواجب العيني) relates to tasks every Muslim is required to perform, such as daily prayer (salat), hijab, or the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime (hajj).
  • Sufficiency duty or fard al-kifaya (Arabic: الواجب الكفائي) is a duty which is imposed on the whole community of believers (ummah). The classic example for it is jihad: the individual is not required to perform it as long as a sufficient number of community members fulfil it.

  • Mitzvah (somewhat similar Jewish concept)
  • Dharma (Hindu/Buddhist/Sikh term that can be used to mean "duty" or "obligation", although there are also other meanings)

  1. ^ Albalagh.net
  2. ^ Sunnipath.com
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