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External iliac artery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article does not cite any references or sources. (May 2007) Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. |
| Artery: External iliac artery | |
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| Bifurcation of the aorta and the right iliac arteries - side view. (External iliac artery is artery at upper left, seen splitting from common iliac artery at top.) | |
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| The relations of the femoral and abdominal inguinal rings, seen from within the abdomen. Right side. (External iliac artery is large artery at center, and inguinal ligament runs from upper right to lower left. When the artery crosses the ligament, it becomes the femoral artery.) | |
| Latin | arteria iliaca externa |
| Gray's | subject #156 622 |
| Source | common iliac arteries |
| Branches | femoral arteries, inferior epigastric arteries |
| Vein | external iliac veins |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | a_61/12154552 |
The external iliac artery is a large artery in the pelvic region that carries blood to the lower limb.
The external iliac artery is a paired artery, meaning there is one on each side of the body: a right external iliac artery and left external iliac artery.
The external iliac artery is accompanied by the external iliac vein, which is located posterior to the artery.
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The external iliac artery arises from the bifurcation of the common iliac artery. It travels inferiorly, anteriorly, and laterally, making its ways to the lower limb:
| Branch | Description |
| Inferior epigastric artery | Goes upward to anastomose with superior epigastric artery (a branch of internal thoracic artery). |
| Deep circumflex iliac artery | Goes laterally, travelling along the iliac crest of the pelvic bone. |
| femoral artery | Terminal branch. When the external iliac artery passes posterior to the inguinal ligament, its name changes to femoral artery. |
 The internal mammary artery and its branches. |
 Dissection of side wall of pelvis showing sacral and pudendal plexuses. |
 Sacral plexus of the right side. |
 Posterior view of the anterior abdominal wall in its lower half. The peritoneum is in place, and the various cords are shining through. |
 The spermatic cord in the inguinal canal. |
 Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for arteries and inguinal canal. |
- Gray's s157 - "The arteries of the lower extremity"
- Gray's s173 - "The veins of the lower extremity, abdomen, and pelvis"
- SUNY Labs 43:12-0104 - "The Female Pelvis: The External and Internal Iliac Vessels"
- SUNY Figs 43:07-05 - "Sagittal view of the internal iliac artery and its branches in the female pelvis. "
- SUNY Anatomy Image 8970
- Norman/Georgetown pelvis (pelvicarteries)
- Hypogastric artery - thefreedictionary.com
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| AA: Anterior |
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| AA: Posterior |
visceral: middle suprarenal – renal (inferior suprarenal, ureteral) – gonadal (testicular ♂/ovarian ♀) |
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| IIA: Anterior |
umbilical (superior vesical, to ductus deferens) – middle rectal – obturator (anterior branch, posterior branch) - inferior gluteal (accompanying of ischiadic nerve, crucial anastomosis) uterine ♀ (helicine, vaginal of uterine, ovarian of uterine, tubal of uterine) - vaginal ♀/inferior vesical ♂ internal pudendal: inferior rectal - perineal (urethral) - posterior scrotal ♂/labial ♀ - bulb of penis ♂/vestibule ♀ - deep artery of the penis ♂ (helicine)/clitoris ♀ - dorsal of the penis ♂/clitoris ♀ |
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| IIA: Posterior |
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| EIA | |||||||
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| EI: Femoral | superficial epigastric - superficial iliac circumflex - external pudendal (superficial, deep/anterior scrotal arteries) - profunda femoris (lateral circumflex femoral, medial circumflex femoral, perforating) - descending genicular |
| Popliteal | anterior tibial - sural genicular: superior genicular (medial, lateral) - middle genicular - inferior genicular (medial, lateral) |
| Anterior tibial | dorsalis pedis: tarsal (lateral - medial) - arcuate - dorsal metatarsal/first dorsal metatarsal - deep plantar
tibial recurrent (posterior, anterior) anterior malleolar (medial, lateral) |
| Posterior tibial | circumflex fibular - fibular medial plantar - lateral plantar (plantar arch, plantar metatarsal) |