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Evenki language
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Evenki Эвэнки Ėvėnki |
||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | China, Mongolia, Russia | |
| Region: | Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang in China; Selenge Province in Mongolia; Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia | |
| Total speakers: | 29,000 | |
| Language family: | Altaic Tungusic Northern Tungusic Evenki |
|
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | evn | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Evenki language (sometimes incorrectly called Evenk language) is the largest member of the northern group of Tungusic languages (or Manchu-Tungusic languages or Manchu-Tunguz languages), a group which also includes the Even and Negidal languages.
It is spoken by Evenks in Russia, Mongolia, and People's Republic of China. According to the 2002 Russian Census, it has 7,584 speakers.
The basic vocabulary and inflectional morphemes have almost nothing in common with the Mongolian and the Turkic languages, with which the Tungusic languages are sometimes popularly connected. In certain areas the influences of the Yakut and the Buryat languages are particularly strong. The influence of Russian in general is overwhelming (in 1979, 75.2 % of the Evenkis spoke Russian, rising to 92.7% in 2002). The Evenki language varies considerably among its dialects which are divided into three large groups: the northern, the southern and the eastern dialects. These are further divided into minor dialects. The written language based on the Cyrillic alphabet was created in the late 1920s for Evenkis living in the Soviet Union. In China, Evenki is written in the Mongolian alphabet. [1]
The Cyrillic script is used by Evenks living in Russia.
| А а | Б б | В в | Г г | Д д | Е е | Ё ё | Ж ж |
| З з | И и | Й й | К к | Л л | М м | Н н | Ӈ ӈ |
| О о | П п | Р р | С с | Т т | У у | Ф ф | Х х |
| Ц ц | Ч ч | Ш ш | Щ щ | Ъ ъ | Ы ы | Ь ь | Э э |
| Ю ю | Я я |
- Bulatova, Nadezhda & Grenoble, Lenore. 1999. Evenki, Lincom Europa, Munich, ISBN 3895862223
- Nedjalkov, Igor. 1997. Evenki, Routledge, London, ISBN 0415026407
| Altaic languages |
|---|
| Turkic languages • Mongolic languages • Tungusic languages • Japonic languages* • Korean language* |
| Notes: *Japonic and Korean are not generally recognized as belonging to the Altaic language family. See also Buyeo languages. |
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| Northern |
| Even | Evenki | Manegir | Negidal | Oroqen | Solon |
| Southern |
| Southeastern: Akani | Birar | Kile | Nanai | Oroch Orok | Samagir | Udege | Ulch Southwestern: Jurchen | Manchu | Xibe |
 |
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