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Evelyn Reed (1905 – 1979) was a communist in the United States and advocate for women’s rights, noted for her book Woman's Evolution.

In January 1940, she went down to Mexico to see the exiled Russian Revolutionary Leon Trotsky and his wife Natalia Sedova. There in the house of Trotsky in Coyoacán, Reed met the American Trotskyist leader James P. Cannon and she joined the Socialist Workers Party the same year, and remained a leading member of the party until her death.

An active participant in the Women's liberation movement of the 1960s and 1970s, Reed was a founding member of the Women’s National Abortion Action Coalition in 1971. During these years she spoke and debated on women’s rights in cities throughout the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Ireland, the United Kingdom and France.

Inspired especially of the works on women and the family by Friedrich Engels and Alexandra Kollontay, Reed is the author of many books on Marxist feminism and the origin of the oppression of women and the fight for their emancipation. Some of the most notable works by Reed are: Problems of Women’s Liberation, Woman’s Evolution: From Matriarchal Clan to Patriarchal Family, Is Biology Woman’s Destiny?, and Cosmetics, Fashions, and the Exploitation of Women (with Joseph Hansen and Mary-Alice Waters.) Many of these books have been translated into other languages.

She was nominated as a candidate for President of the United States for the Socialist Workers Party in the United States presidential election, 1972. On the ballot in just Indiana, New York, and Wisconsin, she received 13,878 votes. The main candidate for the Party was Linda Jenness who received 37,423 votes. Election was won by incumbent President Richard Nixon of the Republican Party.

"The woman question can only be resolved through the lineup of working men and women against the ruling men and women. This means that the interests of the workers as a class are identical; and not the interests of all women as a sex. Ruling-class women have exactly the same interest in upholding and perpetuating capitalist society as their men have. The bourgeois feminists fought, among other things, for the right of women as well as men to hold property in their own name. They won this right. Today, plutocratic women hold fabulous wealth in their own names. They are completely in alliance with the plutocratic men to perpetuate the capitalist system. They are not in alliance with the working women, whose needs can only be served through the abolition of capitalism. Thus, the emancipation of working women will not be achieved in alliance with women of the enemy class, but just the opposite; in a struggle against them as part and parcel of the whole class struggle."

- Cosmetics, Fashions, and the Exploitation of Women

• Pathfinder Books, Publisher of the Socialist Workers Party and the works of Evelyn Reed
• The Lubitz TrotskyanaNet provides a bio-bibliographical sketch of Evelyn Reed
• Evelyn Reed Archive at Marxists.org