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D5 HD
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
D5 is a professional digital video format introduced by Panasonic in 1994. Like Sony's D1 (8 bit), it is an uncompressed digital component system (10bit), but uses the same half-inch tapes as Panasonic's digital composite D3 format. A 120 min D3 tape will record 60min in D5/D5HD mode. D5 standard definition decks can be retrofitted to record high definition with the use of an external HD input/output box. The HD deck conversion does not allow for any error correction that exists on standard definition recordings, as the full bandwidth of the tape is required for the HD recording.
HD D5 uses standard D5 video tape cassettes to record HD material, using an intra-frame compression with a 4:1 ratio. HD D5 supports the 1080 and the 1035 interlaced line standards at both 60 Hz and 59.94 Hz field rates, all 720 progressive line standards and the 1080 progressive line standard at 24, 25 and 30 frame rates. Four 48khz 20 bit PCM audio channels, or eight 48kHz 24 bit channels, are also supported. D5 runs at different data rates for different formats (taken from the hardware manual for the AJ-HD3700B:
- 323 Mbps (1080/59.94i/8CH, 720/59.94p/8CH, 480/59.94i/8CH)
- 319 Mbps (576/50i/8CH)
- 300 Mbps (1080/59.94i/4CH, 720/59.94p/4CH, 480/59.94i/4CH)
- 258 Mbps (1080/23.98p/8CH, 1080/24p/8CH)
- 269 Mbps (1080/50i/8CH, 1080/25p/8CH, 576/50i/8CH)
HD material is often captured for post production of film projects, especially on lower budget films, from the Super 16mm film format (15:9 aspect ratio crops well to 16:9 HDTV widescreen ratio) whereby the HD D5 scanning equipment is cheaper by the hour than a full resolution 2K film scan (which cannot be stored on videotape). Most importantly the 1920x1080 resolution at 24 progressive frames per second, with MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 compression, can be edited on high-end desktop computers in 2005.
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| Magnetic tape |
VERA (1952) - 2 inch Quadruplex videotape (1956) - 1 inch type A videotape (1965) - 1/4 inch Akai (1967) - U-matic (1969) - Cartrivision (1972) - Video Cassette Recording (aka VCR) (1972) - V-Cord (1974) - VX (aka "The Great Time Machine") (1974) - Betamax (1975) - 1 inch type B videotape (1976) - 1 inch type C videotape (1976) - VHS (1976) - VK (1977) - SVR (1979) - Video 2000 (1980) - CVC (1980) - VHS-C (1982) - M (1982) - Betacam (1982) - Video8 (1985) - MII (1986) - D1 (1986) - S-VHS (1987) - D2 (1988) - Hi8 (1989) - D3 (1991) - D5 (1994) - Digital-S (D9) (199?) - S-VHS-C (1987) - W-VHS (1992) - DV (1995) - Betacam HDCAM (1997) - D-VHS (1998) - Digital8 (1999) - HDV (2003) |
| Optical discs |
LaserDisc (1978) - Laserfilm (1984) - CD Video - VCD (1993) - DVD-Video (1996) - MiniDVD - CVD (1998) - SVCD (1998) - FMD (2000) - EVD (2003) - FVD (2005) - UMD (2005) - VMD (2006) - HD DVD (2006) - Blu-ray Disc (BD) (2006) - DMD (2006?) - AVCHD (2006) - Tapestry Media (2007) - Total Hi Def (2007) - HVD (TBA) - PH-DVD (TBA) - SVOD (TBA) - Protein-coated disc (TBA) - Two-Photon 3-D (TBA) |
| Grooved Videodiscs |
Baird Television Record aka Phonovision (1927) - TeD (1974) - Capacitance Electronic Disc aka CED (1981) - VHD (1983) |