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Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| COSMIC | |
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| Organization: | COSMIC |
| Major contractors: | Orbital Sciences Corporation |
| Mission type: | Meteorology, Ionosphere, Climatology, and Space weather research. |
| Satellite of: | Earth |
| Launch date: | 15/04/06 at 01:40 GMT |
| Launch vehicle: | Minotaur |
| Mission duration: | 5 years |
| NSSDC ID: | 2006-011A |
| Webpage: | COSMIC at UCAR |
| Mass: | 155 lb |
| Orbital elements | |
| Eccentricity: | 0 |
| Inclination: | 72 degrees |
| Apoapsis: | 500km (current) 800km (planned) |
| Periapsis: | 500km (current) 700km (planned) |
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- COSMIC is also a code name used to label NATO classified information.
Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) is a program designed to provide advances in meteorology, ionospheric research, climatology, and space weather by using GPS satellites in conjunction with low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites. The term "COSMIC" may refer to either the organization itself or the constellation of satellites (also known as FORMOSAT-3 in Taiwan). The constellation is a joint U.S.-Taiwanese project with major participants including the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), the National Science Foundation, the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) on the U.S. side and the National Space Organization (NSPO) on the Taiwanese side.
The total cost of the project is US$100 million, 80% of which is being provided by NSPO, and the remainder by various U.S. agencies.[1]
After experiencing several delays, the launch of the COSMIC satellite constellation atop a Minotaur launch vehicle from Vandenberg AFB occurred at 01:40 GMT, on April 15 2006, despite heavy fog.[2] The satellites, which orbit at an altitude of 500 miles, will take over a year to move into the correct positions to provide full global coverage.
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The COSMIC satellites are be equipped with three primary forms of instrumentation for remote sensing, as follows:
Sources: [3]
All 6 microsatellites were launched on a single launch vehicle and deployed into a single parking orbit after launch. The spacecraft will then be deployed into separate orbital planes through the use of precession due to the oblateness of the Earth and raised to a final orbital altitude over the course of several months. Scientific data will be collected during the deployment process.
Currently only three of the microsatellites remain fully functional. The FM2's power system lost 50% of its output in Feuruary 2007. The FM3's solar panel also maifunctioned since August 2007. The FM6's went out of control since September 2007. These microsatellites were supposed to serve five years in orbit.[1]
- Altitude: 500 km
- Inclination: 72 degrees
- Eccentricity: 0 degrees
- Altitude: 700 - 800 km
- Inclination: 72 degrees
- Eccentricity: 0 degrees
- Spacing between right ascension of ascending nodes: 24 degrees
- Spacing in mean anomaly between adjacent orbital planes: 45 degrees
- ^ COSMIC: About. UCAR COSMIC. Retrieved on 2006-04-18.
- ^ Ray, Justin. "Launch Coverage for Minotaur Rocket' COSMIC Mission", Spaceflight Now, April 14, 2006.
- ^ UCAR (April 12, 2006). New Satellite System Will Use GPS Signals To Track Hurricanes, Climate Change, and Space Weather. Press release.
- Official site
- COSMIC Mission Profile by NASA's Solar System Exploration
- University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
- UCAR Office of Programs (UOP)
- National SPace Organization (NSPO) - COSMIC's Taiwanese counterpart.
- ScienceNOW: The Little Satellite Fleet That Could, 12 December 2006
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| Current | Aqua | Aura | CERES | COSMIC | DMSP | DMC | Envisat | EROS | ERS | ESSP | Fengyun|GOES | GOMOS | GRACE | HIRDLS | Hydros | ICESat | IKONOS | Jason-1 | Landsat | MERIS | MetOp | Meteor | Meteosat | MLS | MIPAS | MISR | MODIS | MOPITT | MTSAT | NMP | NOAA-N' | NPOESS | OMI | OCO | PARASOL | QuickBird | QuikSCAT | RADARSAT-1 | SCIAMACHY | SeaWiFS | SORCE | SPOT | TES | TerraSAR-X | Terra | TRMM | Weather satellite |
| Historical and defunct systems | Nimbus program | Project Vanguard | Seasat | TOPEX/Poseidon | TIROS |