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Close front rounded vowel
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Edit - 2× | Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back |
| Close | |||||
| Near‑close | |||||
| Close‑mid | |||||
| Mid | |||||
| Open‑mid | |||||
| Near‑open | |||||
| Open | |||||
represents a rounded vowel.
| IPA – number | 309 |
| IPA – text | y |
| IPA – image |  |
| Entity | y |
| X-SAMPA | y |
| Kirshenbaum | y |
| Sound sample | |
|---|---|
The close front rounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is y, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is y.
There is also a close front compressed vowel, commonly transcribed as [ʉ̟], which contrasts with both the rounded and unrounded close front vowels.
- Its vowel height is close, which means the tongue is positioned as close as possible to the roof of the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
- Its vowel backness is front, which means the tongue is positioned as far forward as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
- Its vowel roundedness is rounded, which means that the lips are rounded and protrude, and the inner surfaces are exposed.
In standard British English, the front rounded vowel does not occur, but in regional varieties like the Scottish English, 'food' is realised as /fyːd/. In languages like Cantonese and Mandarin, this vowel is commonly used. A distinctive use of this vowel in Cantonese is in 雷, 'leoi', IPA /lɵy/. It is used as a diphthong /ɵy/, with the close-mid central rounded vowel /ɵ/. This feature is seldom, or not observed at all, in any other language.
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albanian | dy | [dy] | 'two' | |
| Azeri | güllə | [ɟylˈlæ] | 'bullet' | |
| Chechen | üsh | [yʃ] | 'they' | |
| Cantonese Chinese | 鱼 | [jyː] | 'fish' | |
| Cantonese Chinese | 锐 | [jɵy] | 'sharp' | |
| Cantonese Chinese | 犬 | [hyːn] | 'dog' | |
| Dutch | fuut | [fyːt] | 'grebe' | See Dutch phonology |
| Some dialects of Scottish English |
food | [fyd] | 'food' | Corresponds to /uː/ in other English dialects |
| Estonian | üks | [yks] | 'one' | |
| Finnish | yksi | [ˈyksi] | 'one' | See Finnish phonology |
| French | chute | [ʃyt] | 'fall' | See French phonology |
| Gascon | lua | [ˈlyo] | 'moon' | |
| German | Blüte | [ˈblyːtə] | 'blossom' | See German phonology |
| Hungarian | tű | [tyː] | 'pin' | See Hungarian phonology |
| Mandarin | 绿 | [lyː] | 'green' | pinyin: lü |
| Norwegian | syd | [syːd] | 'south' | See Norwegian phonology |
| Occitan | luna | [ˈlyno] | 'moon' | In both Languedocien and Provençal |
| Swedish | yla | [yːla] | 'howl' | See Swedish phonology |
| Turkish | güneş | [gyˈneʃ] | 'sun' |