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Background information
Origin	Zurich, Switzerland
Genre(s)	Death metal Black metal Thrash metal Avant-garde metal Doom Metal
Years active	1984—1993 2001–present
Label(s)	Century Media
Website	www.celticfrost.com
Members
Tom Gabriel Fischer Martin Eric Ain Franco Sesa
Former members
Curt Victor Bryant Oliver Amberg Ron Marks Dominic Steiner Reed St. Mark Stephen Priestly Erol Unala

Celtic Frost is a heavy metal band from Zürich, Switzerland, best known for their influence on the thrash metal, black metal, doom metal and death metal genres.

Contents 1 Biography 2 Influences 3 Apollyon Sun 4 Return of Celtic Frost 5 Band members 5.1 Current Members 5.2 Former members 6 Discography 6.1 Studio Albums & EPs 6.2 Compilations 6.3 Re-releases 7 Videography 8 External links

Celtic Frost's frontman, guitarist and singer Tom Gabriel Fischer, changed his name to Tom Warrior, then later Thomas Gabriel Warrior. With Steve Warrior on bass, he formed one of the earliest extreme metal bands, Hellhammer, in 1982. Steve Warrior was later replaced by Martin Eric Ain - also a pseudonym. The band attracted a small international fan base, got signed to Noise Records in Germany and recorded their debut EP Apocalyptic Raids in March of 1984, now a rare finding on e-Bay or second hand record stores around the world.

By May of 1984, Hellhammer had disbanded; Fischer and Ain, along with session drummer Stephen Priestly, reappeared with Celtic Frost. Their 1984 debut LP, Morbid Tales was a hit in the metal scene, and the band set out on its first tour, through Germany and Austria. This was followed up with an EP "The Emperor Returns". Both early releases are now available on the one CD, although vinyl copies are still around. One of their most influential recording was 1985's "To Mega Therion", followed in 1987 by Into the Pandemonium. These albums were some of the pivotal LPs for underground metal and inducted a new and more varied sound. Celtic Frost, along with Venom and Bathory were pioneers in what would be called Black Metal, although Celtic Frost were much more experimental with the addition of classical instruments, opera vocals and sampling. They were given the new title of avant-garde metal.

After a subsequent North American tour (which saw the addition of a second guitarist, Ron Marks to the groups ranks), financial trouble, personal tension between the band members and an ill-fated relationship with their record label led to a complete dissolution of the band. Six months later, Warrior decided to reform the band with Stephen Priestly back on drums, Oliver Amberg on guitars and Curt Victor Bryant on bass. Despite his willingness, Warrior did not take much interest in the album and in general treated the band members very badly. His arrogance and disinterest forced producer Tony Platt and Amberg to try to salvage something from the recording. The resulting album Cold Lakewas a disappointment for all concerned and was a limited success in both mainstream and heavy metal markets. Tom Warrior's persistent refusal to accept any responsibility for the failure is reflected in his subsequent ramblings about it, Warrior fired Amberg and former live guitarist Ron Marks returned as a guest for the recording of Vanity/Nemesis in 1990. The most significant change, however, was the return of early bassist Martin Eric Ain. But Celtic Frost's reputation did not fully recover. The group's next (and, as it would turn out, last for several years) album was a collection of rare and unreleased recordings called Parched With Thirst Am I and Dying (1992).It featured several 're-recorded' versions of previous hits, and some "jam session" versions, closing the chapter on one of the most brutal and experimental bands of all time.

A final album titled "Under Apollyon's Sun" never eventuated under that title, although Fischer co-founded a new group called Apollyon Sun with his close friend Erol Unala on guitars in the mid-nineties and recorded an EP "God Leaves... ... and Dies" and a full-length album. Although clearly based on Celtic Frost's dark and more adventurous music, Apollyon Sun was a dedicated electro-metal project. During his hiatus from music, Fischer had also finished work on an autobiographical book, called "Are You Morbid?", which was published by London-based Sanctuary Publishing to critical acclaim in 2000.

Celtic Frost have influenced a plethora of Black, Death, Gothic, and Heavy Metal bands. For example, the band Therion took its band name from their album "To Mega Therion." Other bands that have cited Celtic Frost as an influence, or have covered Celtic Frost, include Opeth, Amorphis, Paradise Lost, Dimmu Borgir, Sepultura, Black Crucifixion, Emperor, Mayhem, Darkthrone, Satyricon, Obituary, Gorgoroth, Mortician, and uncounted others. Members of Nirvana have also claimed they listened to a tape of the band extensively before recording Bleach.

Some years after the termination of Celtic Frost, and after quite some time spent entirely away from the music industry, Fischer co-founded a new group called Apollyon Sun with his close friend Erol Unala on guitars in the mid-nineties and recorded an EP God Leaves... ... and Dies and a full-length album Sub. Although clearly based on Celtic Frost's dark and more adventurous music, Apollyon Sun was a dedicated electro-metal project. During his hiatus from music, Fischer had also finished work on an autobiographical book, called Are You Morbid?, which was published by London-based Sanctuary Publishing to critical acclaim in 2000.

In late 2001, Fischer and Ain began to write music together again, along with Unala on guitar and, from late 2002, experienced Swiss drummer Franco Sesa (also known within the group as the Inverted Cross). The aim was to develop and record a new, very dark and heavy album. The completion of the project took far longer than anticipated (in part due to the DIY nature of the project and the project's financing) but finally resulted, in late 2005, in what Fischer and Ain describe as "perhaps the darkest album Celtic Frost have ever recorded", based on a combination of the musical aura of To Mega Therion and Into The Pandemonium.

The newest and seventh Celtic Frost album was financed by the group itself through their own record label, Prowling Death Records, and publishing imprint, Diktatur des Kapitals. Prowling Death Records originally was the self-founded underground label which released the Hellhammer demos and managed Hellhammer's career in 1983/1984. The album was produced by Celtic Frost with Peter Tägtgren (of Hypocrisy/Pain fame) and mixed by Fischer and Ain. Celtic Frost and Prowling Death Records subsequently entered into a worldwide licensing deal with Century Media Records. The album, titled "Monotheist", was released on May 30th, 2006.

On May 29, 2006, Celtic Frost embarked on the most extensive tour of the band's career, the "Monotheist Tour", initially headlining festivals (e.g. the Wacken Open Air festival, in front of an audience of 50,000) across Europe throughout summer 2006 and then commencing the tour proper with 46 headline concerts in the United States and Canada in fall 2006, and the group's first ever shows in Japan in January 2007. Spring 2007 is to see the European leg of the tour and a return to the United States to reach new audiences as a special guest to Type O Negative. Further festival appearances and concerts are to follow throughout summer 2007.

Onstage, Celtic Frost play with an additional tour guitar player. This position was intially filled by Anders Odden (Cadaver, Apoptygma Berzerk, Magenta), now by V Santura (of Dark Fortress).

As of early 2007, Celtic Frost have begun writing material for a new album, possibly due for release in 2008.

Trivia: The track "The Heart Beneath" was used on the manga compilation trailers on the uk released video tapes.

• Tom Gabriel Fischer - vocals, guitars, programming
• Martin Eric Ain - bass, vocals
• Franco Sesa - drums, percussion
• V Santura - guitar (tour guitarist)

• Curt Victor Bryant - guitar, bass (1988 - 1993)
• Oliver Amberg - guitar (1988 - 1989)
• Ron Marks - guitar (1987)
• Dominic Steiner - bass (1985)
• Reed St. Mark - drums, percussion (1985 - 1988, 1992 - 1993)
• Stephen Priestly - drums, percussion (1984, 1988 - 1992)
• Erol Unala - guitar (2001 - 2006)

• Morbid Tales (1984)
• Emperor's Return (EP, 1985)
• To Mega Therion (1985)
• Tragic Serenades (EP, 1986)
• Into the Pandemonium (1987)
• I Won't Dance (EP, 1987)
• Cold Lake (1988)
• Vanity/Nemesis (1990)
• Monotheist (2006)

• Parched With Thirst Am I and Dying (1992)

• Morbid Tales/Emperor's Return (1999)
• To Mega Therion (1999)
• Into the Pandemonium (1999)
• Vanity/Nemesis (1999)

• Live At Hammersmith Odeon (VHS, 1989)

• Official Celtic Frost website
• Delineation - Tom Gabriel Fischer’s blog
• Video interview feature "In Their Own Words" with Tom Gabriel Fischer (via UVTV (Underground Video Television)
• Interview with Martin Eric Ain, Broward-Palm Beach New Times, 2006-10-19
• Celtic Frost live pix from House Of Blues in West Hollywood 2006
• http://www.myspace.com/celticfrost