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Battle of the Great Plains
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| The Battle of the Great Plains | |||||||
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| Part of Second Punic War | |||||||
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| Combatants | |||||||
| Roman Republic | Carthaginian | ||||||
| Commanders | |||||||
| Scipio Africanus Masinissa Gaius Laelius |
Hasdrubal Syphax |
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| Casualties | |||||||
| Unknown | Rout of whole army | ||||||
| Second Punic War |
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| Saguntum – Lilybaeum – Ticinus – Trebia – Cissa – Lake Trasimene – Ebro River – Ager Falernus – Geronium – Cannae – 1st Nola – Dertosa – 2nd Nola – Cornus – 3rd Nola – Beneventum – 1st Tarentum – 1st Capua – Silarus – 1st Herdonia – Syracuse – Upper Baetis – 2nd Capua – 2nd Herdonia – Cartagena – Numistro – Asculum – Tarentum – Baecula – Grumentum – Metaurus – Ilipa – Crotona – Bagbrades – Cirta – Po Valley – Great Plains – Zama |
The Battle of the Great plains was a battle fought between Scipio Africanus of Rome and a combined Carthaginian and Numidian army late in the Second Punic War, designed as diversionary tactic by Rome to disrupt Hannibal's attack on Italy. By defeating the Carthaginians, Scipio Africanus caused Hannibal to leave Italy and return to Africa, where he was later defeated at the battle of Zama.
Hasdrubal and Syphax had both succeded in escaping from their camps which the Roman general Scipio Africanus, and his Numidian allies Masinissa and Laelius had destroyed. Hasdrubal and Syphax fell back, with a few followers who had also escaped the massacre at the Carthaginian camps. The arrival of four thousend mercenaries from Southern Spain made the Carthaginians determined to make one more effort to stop the armies of Scipio Africanus from advancing across North Africa. New levies were raised in Carthage and in Numidia, and soon Hasdrubal and Syphax found themselves at the head of an army of 30,000 men. In 203BC Scipio, whose command had been extended until the end of the war, marched from his camp at Utica to meet Hasdrubal and Syphax at a place called the Great Plains.
In the Battle that followed the entire Carthaginian army was routed. Syphax fled back to his kingdom in Numidia, but was pursued by Masinissa and Laelius, and was captured and brought back to the Roman camp as a prisoner. Masinissa was givern command of Syphax's kingdom, the land from which he had originally been exiled.
Following the battle, the Carthaginians had little choice but to sue for peace with Rome. Scipio proposed modest terms for the Carthaginians in a peace treaty, but while the Carthaginians were still considering the treaty, they suddenly decided to recall Hannibal, who had an army of elite veterans loyal to his command, from Italy, for one more stand against Rome. This encounter became the battle of Zama, which ended the second Punic war and completed the legend of Scipio Africanus, who had become one of Rome's greatest generals.