Afferent arterioles

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Artery: Afferent arterioles
Scheme of renal tubule and its vascular supply. (Label "Afferent vessel" is visible in upper left.)
Distribution of bloodvessels in cortex of kidney.
Latin arteriola glomerularis afferens
Gray's subject #253 1221
Source interlobular artery
Branches glomerular capillaries
Dorlands/Elsevier a_62/12156661

The afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excretory systems. They play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure.

The afferent arterioles branch from the renal artery which supplies blood to the kidneys.

The afferent arterioles later diverge into the capillaries of the glomerulus.

When renal blood flow is reduced (indicating hypotension), the macula densa releases prostaglandins, which cause the juxtaglomerular cells lining the afferent arterioles to release renin, activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, to increase blood pressure.

Efferent arteriole

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Urinary system - Kidney
Layers Renal fascia • Renal capsule • Renal cortex  (Renal column) • Renal medulla (Renal sinus, Renal pyramids) • Renal lobe • Cortical lobule • Medullary ray • Nephron
Afferent circulation Renal artery → Segmental arteries → Interlobar arteries → Arcuate arteries → Cortical radial arteries → Afferent arterioles → Renal corpuscle (Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule)
Renal tubule Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle (Descending, Thin ascending, Thick ascending) → Distal convoluted tubule → Connecting tubule → Collecting ducts → Duct of Bellini → Renal papilla → Minor calyx → Major calyx → Renal pelvis → Ureter
Efferent circulation Glomerulus → Efferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries/Vasa recta → Arcuate vein → Interlobar veins → Renal vein
Juxtaglomerular apparatus Macula densa • Juxtaglomerular cells • Extraglomerular mesangial cell
Filtration Glomerular basement membrane • Podocyte • Filtration slits • Intraglomerular mesangial cell • Tubular fluid
Renal physiology Acid base physiology • Fluid balance
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afferent_arterioles"
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