Amakudari

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In Japan, amakudari (天下り?) is the practice of retiring from high government office and joining a large corporation. The term literally means "descent from heaven." The original use of the term described the descent of the Shinto gods from heaven to earth. Here, "heaven" refers to the government.

Often, government employees retire in their early 50s to join corporations linked with their ministries or agencies. The former official can ensure that the corporation can secure the approvals from the agency that often get delayed or denied by the bureaucracy. In July of 2002, the Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi ordered that the practice of amakudari be completely stopped in Japan, because it is widely regarded as a source of corruption between business and politics,[1] particularly after the general contracting (zenekon) scandal in 1993, in which corruption was uncovered among bureaucrats associated with general building contractors, beginning with the arrest of the high-ranking politician Shin Kanemaru (who was jailed for tax evasion); and the mortgage scandal in 1996, in which Japanese housing lenders (jūsen) faced 6 trillion yen ($65.7 billion) in bad debt.[2]

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