Abdominal wall

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Abdominal wall
Body cavities
Diagram of sheath of Rectus above the arcuate line.
Gray's subject #118 408

The abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall is split into the posterior (back), lateral (sides) and anterior (front) walls.

There is a common set of layers covering and forming all the walls: the deepest being the extraperitoneal fat, the parietal peritoneum, and a layer of fascia which has different names over where it covers (eg transversalis, psoas fascia).

Superficial to these, but not present in the posterior wall are the three layers of muscle, the transversus abdominis (tranvserse abdominal muscle), the internal (obliquus internus) and the external oblique (obliquus externus).

Contents

In human anatomy, the layers of the abdominal wall are (from superficial to deep):

  • there's NO deep abdominal fascia not to restrict abdominal distention e.g. respiration and pregnancy

The surface contains several ligaments separated by fossae:

Ligament/fold Remnant of Lateral fossa Hernia
median umbilical ligament urachus supravesical fossa -
medial umbilical ligament umbilical artery medial inguinal fossa direct inguinal hernia
lateral umbilical fold inferior epigastric vessels lateral inguinal fossa indirect inguinal hernia

v • d • e
General anatomy of torso
Thorax/
Thoracic cavity		 Mediastinum (Superior, Anterior, Middle, Posterior) • Superior thoracic aperture • Inferior thoracic aperture • Triangle of auscultation • Intercostal space • Thoracic plane • Thoracic wall/Thoracic cage - fascia (Pectoral fascia, Clavipectoral fascia, Thoracolumbar fascia) • Chest • Midsternal line
Thoracic diaphragm openings (Caval opening, Esophageal hiatus, Aortic hiatus, Foramina of Morgagni) • Central tendon • Crus of diaphragm • arcuate ligaments (Lateral, Medial, Median)
Abdomen/
Abdominal cavity		 Retroperitoneum • Paracolic gutters • Hepatobiliary triangle

anterior abdominal wall (Arcuate line, Linea alba, Tendinous intersection, Linea semilunaris, McBurney's point, Traube's space, Inguinal triangle) • Inguinal canal (Deep inguinal ring, Superficial inguinal ring, Intercrural fibers, Crura of superficial inguinal ring) • Lumbar triangle • regions (Epigastrium, Hypochondrium, Umbilical region, Latus, Hypogastrium, Inguinal region) • planes (Transpyloric plane, Intertubercular plane, Midclavicular line)

fascia (Fascia of Camper, Fascia of Scarpa, Transversalis fascia, Renal fascia, Rectus sheath)
Pelvis/
Pelvic cavity		 Pelvic floor • Retropubic space
fascia (Pelvic fascia, Superior fascia of diaphragm of pelvis, Inferior fascia of diaphragm of pelvis, Fascia of the Obturator internus, Tendinous arch, Iliac fascia)
Perineum Anal triangle (Ischioanal fossa, Pudendal canal, Anococcygeal raphe)

Urogenital triangle (Superficial perineal pouch, Deep perineal pouch)

Perineal body

fascia (Dartos/fascia of perineum/superficial perineal fascia/Fascia of Colles, Perineal membrane/"Inferior fascia of UGD", "Superior fascia of UGD")
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_wall"
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